Passali Desiderio, Bellussi Luisa Maria, Santantonio Mariaconsiglia, Passali Giulio Cesare
ENT Clinic, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, SI, Italy.
Complex Operational Unit of Ear, Nose and Throat Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jul 31;14(15):5392. doi: 10.3390/jcm14155392.
: High Mobility Group Box 1 is a mediator in inflammation, acting as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule in various diseases. This review examines its role in nasal inflammatory disorders, such as chronic rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis. : A comprehensive review of recent literature was conducted using a refined PubMed search strategy, focusing on studies published from 2015 onward and targeting HMGB1's role in nasal inflammatory diseases. : HMGB1 emerges as a central factor in amplifying and modulating inflammatory responses through interactions with multiple receptors. It regulates cytokine production, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and tissue remodeling, particularly in eosinophilic CRS. While discrepancies in the literature highlight its context-dependent activity, therapeutic strategies like glycyrrhetinic acid and PPAR-γ agonists demonstrate potential in modulating its effects. : HMGB1 represents a promising diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in nasal inflammatory diseases. However, due to its intrinsic nature and multiple localizations, much remains to be understood. It is precisely by reflecting on its role as an "inflammatory crossroads" that we aim to underscore the need for targeted translational research to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic applications of HMGB1.
高迁移率族蛋白B1是炎症反应的介质，在多种疾病中作为损伤相关分子模式分子发挥作用。本综述探讨其在鼻腔炎性疾病中的作用，如慢性鼻-鼻窦炎和变应性鼻炎。：采用优化的PubMed检索策略对近期文献进行全面综述，重点关注2015年以来发表的研究，目标是HMGB1在鼻腔炎性疾病中的作用。：HMGB1通过与多种受体相互作用，成为放大和调节炎症反应的核心因素。它调节细胞因子产生、上皮-间质转化和组织重塑，特别是在嗜酸性粒细胞性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎中。虽然文献中的差异突出了其依赖于背景的活性，但甘草次酸和PPAR-γ激动剂等治疗策略显示出调节其作用的潜力。：HMGB1是鼻腔炎性疾病中一个有前景的诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点。然而，由于其内在性质和多种定位，仍有许多有待了解。正是通过思考其作为“炎症十字路口”的作用，我们旨在强调开展有针对性的转化研究以阐明HMGB1分子机制和治疗应用的必要性。
