Sytykiewicz Hubert, Goławska Sylwia, Łukasik Iwona
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Siedlce, 14 Prusa St., 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
Molecules. 2025 Aug 6;30(15):3294. doi: 10.3390/molecules30153294.
Essential oils (EOs) constitute intricate mixtures of volatile phytochemicals that have garnered significant attention due to their multifaceted biological effects. Notably, the presence of bioactive constituents capable of inhibiting tyrosinase enzyme activity and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) underpins their potential utility in skin-related applications, particularly through the modulation of melanin biosynthesis and protection of skin-relevant cells from oxidative damage-a primary contributor to hyperpigmentation disorders. Rosc. (ginger) and L. (hop) are medicinal plants widely recognized for their diverse pharmacological properties. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first report on the synergistic interactions between essential oils derived from these species (referred to as EOZ and EOH) offering novel insights into their combined bioactivity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate essential oils extracted from ginger rhizomes and hop strobiles with respect to the following: (1) chemical composition, determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS); (2) tyrosinase inhibitory activity; (3) capacity to inhibit linoleic acid peroxidation; (4) ABTS radical scavenging potential. Furthermore, the study utilizes both the combination index (CI) and dose reduction index (DRI) as quantitative parameters to evaluate the nature of interactions and the dose-sparing efficacy of essential oil (EO) combinations. GC-MS analysis identified EOZ as a zingiberene-rich chemotype, containing abundant sesquiterpene hydrocarbons such as -zingiberene, -bisabolene, and -curcumene, while EOH exhibited a caryophyllene diol/cubenol-type profile, dominated by oxygenated sesquiterpenes including -caryophyllene-9,10-diol and 1--cubenol. In vitro tests demonstrated that both oils, individually and in combination, showed notable anti-tyrosinase, radical scavenging, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects. These results support their multifunctional bioactivity profiles with possible relevance to skin care formulations, warranting further investigation.
精油(EOs)是挥发性植物化学物质的复杂混合物,因其多方面的生物学效应而备受关注。值得注意的是,其含有的能够抑制酪氨酸酶活性和清除活性氧(ROS)的生物活性成分,是其在皮肤相关应用中具有潜在效用的基础,特别是通过调节黑色素生物合成以及保护与皮肤相关的细胞免受氧化损伤(这是色素沉着紊乱的主要原因)。姜(Roscoe.)和啤酒花(L.)是因其多样药理特性而被广泛认可的药用植物。据我们所知,本研究首次报道了源自这些物种的精油(分别称为EOZ和EOH)之间的协同相互作用,为它们的联合生物活性提供了新见解。本研究的目的是评估从姜根茎和啤酒花球果中提取的精油在以下方面的情况:(1)通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用(GC - MS)测定的化学成分;(2)酪氨酸酶抑制活性;(3)抑制亚油酸过氧化的能力;(4)ABTS自由基清除潜力。此外,该研究利用组合指数(CI)和剂量降低指数(DRI)作为定量参数来评估精油(EO)组合的相互作用性质和剂量节省效果。GC - MS分析确定EOZ为富含姜烯的化学类型,含有丰富的倍半萜烃类,如α - 姜烯、β - 红没药烯和γ - 姜黄烯,而EOH呈现出石竹烯二醇/古巴醇型特征,以含氧倍半萜为主,包括α - 石竹烯 - 9,10 - 二醇和1 - α - 古巴醇。体外试验表明,两种精油单独使用和联合使用时,均表现出显著的抗酪氨酸酶、自由基清除和脂质过氧化抑制作用。这些结果支持了它们具有与皮肤护理配方可能相关的多功能生物活性,值得进一步研究。
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