Novotná Tereza, Pavlačková Jana, Gál Robert, Šiška Ladislav, Fišera Miroslav, Mokrejš Pavel
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 5669, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
Department of Fat, Surfactant and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 5669, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
Molecules. 2025 Aug 6;30(15):3293. doi: 10.3390/molecules30153293.
Red deer fat makes up approximately 7-10% of the animal's weight and is not currently used. Regarding sustainability in the food industry, it is desirable to look for opportunities for its processing and use, not only in the food industry. The aim of this study is the enzymatic modification of red deer fat, leading to modification of its physicochemical properties, and the study of changes in phase transitions of modified fat, its structure, color, and texture. Hydrolysis was performed using sn-1,3-specific lipase at different water concentrations (10-30%) and reaction times (2-6 h). The results showed that there was a significant decrease in melting and crystallization temperatures with an increasing degree of hydrolysis, which was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry. FTIR spectra revealed a decrease in the intensity of the ester bonds, indicating cleavage of triacylglycerols. Texture analysis of the modified fats confirmed a decrease in hardness of up to 50% and an increase in spreadability. The color parameter values remained within an acceptable range. The results show that enzymatic modification is an effective tool for targeted modification of red deer fat properties, and this expands the possibilities of its application in cosmetic matrices and food applications as functional lipids.
马鹿脂肪约占动物体重的7 - 10%,目前尚未得到利用。关于食品工业的可持续性,不仅在食品工业中,寻找其加工和利用的机会是可取的。本研究的目的是对马鹿脂肪进行酶促改性,从而改变其物理化学性质,并研究改性脂肪的相变、结构、颜色和质地的变化。使用sn - 1,3特异性脂肪酶在不同水浓度(10 - 30%)和反应时间(2 - 6小时)下进行水解。结果表明,随着水解程度的增加,熔点和结晶温度显著降低,差示扫描量热法证实了这一点。傅里叶变换红外光谱显示酯键强度降低,表明三酰甘油发生了裂解。改性脂肪的质地分析证实硬度降低了50%,涂抹性增加。颜色参数值保持在可接受范围内。结果表明,酶促改性是一种有效靶向改变马鹿脂肪性质的工具,这扩大了其作为功能性脂质在化妆品基质和食品应用中的应用可能性。