Montané Emmeline, Lopez Lucille, Scandella Marino, Gasq David, Cormier Camille
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31300 Toulouse, France.
Toulouse Neuroimaging Center (ToNIC), Inserm, Toulouse University, 31300 Toulouse, France.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jul 25;25(15):4598. doi: 10.3390/s25154598.
Hemiparetic gait is characterized by reduced limb shortening during swing, increasing the risk of tripping and leading to compensatory strategies. Despite 3D gait analysis being the gold standard for gait assessment, there is no consensus on relevant kinematic biomarkers for limb shortening and compensatory movements.
Systematic review querying five databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, PEDro, and Web of Science). We included articles that described at least one kinematic biomarker of the lower limb in the sagittal plane and at least one biomarker of the lower limb or pelvis in the transversal or frontal plane, or pelvis in the sagittal plane. Then, we collected kinematic biomarkers from these studies and identified those that seemed relevant to describe limb shortening and compensatory movements during the swing phase.
We included 40 studies and collected 385 biomarkers. Among them, 15 described limb shortening, 22 compensations, and 3 toe clearance. Analysis of 12 interventional studies showed that some biomarkers of shortening and compensation were more sensitive to change than others.
This review highlights the lack of standardized description for limb shortening and compensatory movements in hemiparetic gait. A set of 13 relevant biomarkers is proposed to improve the interpretation of gait analysis and support consistent evaluation of therapeutic interventions.
偏瘫步态的特征是摆动期肢体缩短减少，增加了绊倒风险并导致代偿策略。尽管三维步态分析是步态评估的金标准，但对于肢体缩短和代偿运动的相关运动学生物标志物尚无共识。
对五个数据库（PubMed、Cochrane、Scopus、PEDro和Web of Science）进行系统检索。我们纳入了描述矢状面下肢至少一种运动学生物标志物以及横断面或额状面下肢或骨盆至少一种生物标志物，或矢状面骨盆至少一种生物标志物的文章。然后，我们从这些研究中收集运动学生物标志物，并确定那些似乎与描述摆动期肢体缩短和代偿运动相关的标志物。
我们纳入了40项研究，收集了385种生物标志物。其中，15种描述了肢体缩短，22种描述了代偿，3种描述了足趾离地间隙。对12项干预性研究的分析表明，一些缩短和代偿的生物标志物比其他标志物对变化更敏感。
本综述强调了偏瘫步态中肢体缩短和代偿运动缺乏标准化描述。提出了一组13种相关生物标志物，以改善步态分析的解释并支持对治疗干预的一致性评估。
