Blacksell S D, Le K K, Gleeson L J, Stenos J, Graves S R, Day N P J
Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
One Health. 2025 Aug 5;21:101159. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101159. eCollection 2025 Dec.
, the causative agent of Q fever, is a highly infectious zoonotic bacterium presenting significant biosafety challenges, particularly in laboratory environments. Due to its low infectious dose, environmental resilience, and potential for aerosol transmission, has been classified as a Risk Group 3 pathogen and Category B biothreat agent. This review evaluates the biosafety practices required for safe handling, including adherence to Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) containment for propagative work and BSL-2 standards for diagnostic activities. Strategies such as vaccination, personal protective equipment (PPE), environmental controls, and rigorous decontamination protocols are critical to mitigate laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs). Historical reports highlight as a leading cause of LAIs, underscoring the importance of implementing risk-based biosafety frameworks outlined by the World Health Organization. However, gaps remain in disinfection efficacy data, vaccine accessibility, and consistent application of biosafety measures, particularly in resource-limited settings. Addressing these challenges through enhanced surveillance, interdisciplinary research, and improved access to preventive tools can reduce -associated risks. This review emphasises the need for adaptive, sustainable practices to ensure global laboratory safety and highlights the integration of evidence-based strategies for research.
伯纳特立克次体，即Q热的病原体，是一种极具传染性的人畜共患病细菌，带来了重大的生物安全挑战，尤其是在实验室环境中。由于其感染剂量低、环境适应力强且具有气溶胶传播的可能性，伯纳特立克次体已被列为风险等级3病原体和B类生物威胁因子。本综述评估了安全处理所需的生物安全措施，包括在繁殖工作中遵守生物安全3级（BSL-3）防护要求以及在诊断活动中遵守BSL-2标准。诸如接种疫苗、个人防护装备（PPE）、环境控制和严格的去污规程等策略对于减轻实验室获得性感染（LAIs）至关重要。历史报告表明伯纳特立克次体是LAIs的主要原因，这凸显了实施世界卫生组织概述的基于风险的生物安全框架的重要性。然而，在消毒效果数据、疫苗可及性以及生物安全措施的一致应用方面仍存在差距，尤其是在资源有限的环境中。通过加强监测、跨学科研究以及改善预防工具的可及性来应对这些挑战，可以降低与伯纳特立克次体相关的风险。本综述强调需要采用适应性、可持续的措施来确保全球实验室安全，并突出了将基于证据的策略整合到伯纳特立克次体研究中的必要性。
