Assessing the evidence for effective biosafety risk management in research.

, the causative agent of Q fever, is a highly infectious zoonotic bacterium presenting significant biosafety challenges, particularly in laboratory environments. Due to its low infectious dose, environmental resilience, and potential for aerosol transmission, has been classified as a Risk Group 3 pathogen and Category B biothreat agent. This review evaluates the biosafety practices required for safe handling, including adherence to Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) containment for propagative work and BSL-2 standards for diagnostic activities. Strategies such as vaccination, personal protective equipment (PPE), environmental controls, and rigorous decontamination protocols are critical to mitigate laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs). Historical reports highlight as a leading cause of LAIs, underscoring the importance of implementing risk-based biosafety frameworks outlined by the World Health Organization. However, gaps remain in disinfection efficacy data, vaccine accessibility, and consistent application of biosafety measures, particularly in resource-limited settings. Addressing these challenges through enhanced surveillance, interdisciplinary research, and improved access to preventive tools can reduce -associated risks. This review emphasises the need for adaptive, sustainable practices to ensure global laboratory safety and highlights the integration of evidence-based strategies for research.