Minucci Sarah, Gruver Scott, Subramanian Kalyanasundaram, Renardy Marissa
Applied BioMath, Concord, MA, United States.
Differentia Biotech, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Front Syst Biol. 2024 Aug 29;4:1380018. doi: 10.3389/fsysb.2024.1380018. eCollection 2024.
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapy has shown remarkable success in treating various leukemias and lymphomas. Cellular kinetic (CK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) behavior of CAR T cell therapy is distinct from other therapies due to its living nature. CAR T CK is typically characterized by an exponential expansion driven by target binding, fast initial decline (contraction), and slow long-term decline (persistence). Due to the dependence of CK on target binding, CK and PD of CAR T therapies are inherently and bidirectionally linked. In this work, we develop a semi-mechanistic model of CAR T CK/PD, incorporating molecular-scale binding, T cell dynamics with multiple phenotypes, and tumor growth and killing. We calibrate this model to published CK and PD data for a CD19-targeting CAR T cell therapy. Using sensitivity analysis, we explore variability in response due to patient- and drug-specific properties. We further explore the impact of tumor characteristics on CAR T-cell expansion and efficacy through individual- and population-level parameter scans.
嵌合抗原受体T(CAR T)细胞疗法在治疗各种白血病和淋巴瘤方面已取得显著成功。由于CAR T细胞疗法具有活性,其细胞动力学(CK)和药效学(PD)行为与其他疗法不同。CAR T细胞的CK通常表现为受靶点结合驱动的指数级扩增、快速的初始下降(收缩)和缓慢的长期下降(持久性)。由于CK依赖于靶点结合,CAR T疗法的CK和PD在本质上是双向关联的。在这项工作中,我们开发了一个CAR T细胞CK/PD的半机制模型,该模型纳入了分子尺度的结合、具有多种表型的T细胞动力学以及肿瘤生长和杀伤。我们将该模型校准为针对靶向CD19的CAR T细胞疗法已发表的CK和PD数据。通过敏感性分析,我们探讨了由于患者和药物特异性特性导致的反应变异性。我们还通过个体和群体水平的参数扫描,进一步探讨了肿瘤特征对CAR T细胞扩增和疗效的影响。
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