Cao Lingyan, Porter Katie J, Du Wenbin, Tallerday Emily J, Liu Moyang, Liang Wanqi, Osteryoung Katherine W, Chen Cheng
Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Jul 30;16:1622675. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1622675. eCollection 2025.
The chloroplast FtsZ ring (Z ring) is assembled by two distinct FtsZ proteins, FtsZ2 and FtsZ1 (referred to as FtsZA and FtsZB in red algae). FtsZ2 confers stability to the Z ring, while FtsZ1 enhances its dynamics. Enhanced Z-ring dynamics is essential for Z-ring remodeling, which drives chloroplast constriction and division. However, the mechanisms underlying the distinct dynamic properties of the two FtsZs remain unclear. Here, we report that the conserved core regions are primarily responsible for the distinct dynamic properties observed in both plant and red algal FtsZs. We demonstrate that the conserved core region of FtsZ1 enhances the dynamics of FtsZ2 within coassembled filaments. Likewise, we show that the conserved core region of red algal FtsZB promotes the dynamics of coassembled FtsZA rings. Our findings provide evidence that the evolution of a second FtsZ protein represents a general mechanism to enhance the dynamics of the chloroplast Z ring.
叶绿体FtsZ环（Z环）由两种不同的FtsZ蛋白组装而成，即FtsZ2和FtsZ1（在红藻中称为FtsZA和FtsZB）。FtsZ2赋予Z环稳定性，而FtsZ1增强其动态性。增强的Z环动态性对于Z环重塑至关重要，Z环重塑驱动叶绿体收缩和分裂。然而，两种FtsZ不同动态特性背后的机制仍不清楚。在这里，我们报告保守核心区域主要负责在植物和红藻FtsZ中观察到的不同动态特性。我们证明FtsZ1的保守核心区域增强了共组装细丝内FtsZ2的动态性。同样，我们表明红藻FtsZB的保守核心区域促进了共组装FtsZA环的动态性。我们的发现提供了证据，表明第二种FtsZ蛋白的进化是增强叶绿体Z环动态性的一般机制。
