补充维生素D对糖尿病前期患者代谢参数、人体测量指标及糖尿病风险的影响：随机对照试验荟萃分析的伞状综述

Effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic parameters, anthropometric measures, and diabetes risk in patients with prediabetes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

作者信息

Molani-Gol Roghayeh, Rafraf Maryam, Safari Sara

机构信息

Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

出版信息

Nutr Metab (Lond). 2025 Aug 14;22(1):99. doi: 10.1186/s12986-025-00994-1.

DOI:10.1186/s12986-025-00994-1

PMID:40813680

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12351829/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of prediabetes and, consequently, type 2 diabetes is increasing around the world. Previous meta-analyses reported controversial findings regarding the association between vitamin D supplementation with glycemic control and diabetes risk. This comprehensive meta-analysis summarized existing research to provide an estimate of the impact of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic parameters and diabetes risk in individuals with prediabetes.

METHOD

A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane databases, and Google Scholar using relevant keywords until 22 July 2025. The AMSTAR2 scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included articles. Moreover, the certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. Stata 17 software was used for data analysis.

RESULTS

Fourteen meta-analyses comprising 31 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of 3856 prediabetic patients were included in this review. Combining the findings of RCTs revealed that vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the levels of fasting blood sugar (WMD= -0.377 mg/dl, 95% CI (-0.589, -0.165), p < 0.001), insulin (WMD = -0.174 µU/mL, 95% CI (-0.274, 0.074), p < 0.001), hemoglobin A1c (WMD = -0.479%, 95% CI (-0.714, -0.245), p < 0.001), and serum triglyceride (TG) (WMD = -0.385 mg/dl, 95% CI (-0.622, -0.147), p = 0.002) in comparison with the control group. The effects of vitamin D on insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test plasma glucose, homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function, body mass index, and diabetes risk of participants were not significant.

CONCLUSION

The findings of this umbrella review suggested that vitamin D supplementation could help to improve some glycemic indices and TG levels. However, due to discrepancies among the results, more well-designed RCTs are warranted to confirm and clarify the impacts of vitamin D supplementation in prediabetic patients.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER

Not applicable.

摘要

背景

全球范围内，糖尿病前期以及由此导致的2型糖尿病的患病率正在上升。先前的荟萃分析报告了关于补充维生素D与血糖控制及糖尿病风险之间关联的有争议的研究结果。这项综合性荟萃分析总结了现有研究，以评估补充维生素D对糖尿病前期个体代谢参数和糖尿病风险的影响。

方法

在Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed和Cochrane数据库以及谷歌学术上使用相关关键词进行全面系统的检索，直至2025年7月22日。使用AMSTAR2量表评估纳入文章的方法学质量。此外，使用GRADE工具评估证据的确定性。使用Stata 17软件进行数据分析。

结果

本综述纳入了14项荟萃分析，包括31项针对3856例糖尿病前期患者的随机对照试验（RCT）。综合RCT的结果显示，与对照组相比，补充维生素D显著降低了空腹血糖水平（加权均数差[WMD]= -0.377mg/dl，95%置信区间[CI](-0.589, -0.165)，p<0.001）、胰岛素水平（WMD = -0.174µU/mL，95%CI(-0.274, 0.074)，p<0.001）、糖化血红蛋白水平（WMD = -0.479%，95%CI(-0.714, -0.245)，p<0.001）和血清甘油三酯（TG）水平（WMD = -0.385mg/dl，95%CI(-0.622, -0.147)，p = 0.002）。维生素D对通过稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗、2小时口服葡萄糖耐量试验血糖、β细胞功能稳态模型评估、体重指数以及参与者糖尿病风险的影响不显著。