Manfredi Michael A, Alvarez Reinaldo P, Arai Katsuhiro, Cheema Huma A, Darma Andy, Elawad Mamoun, Iglesias Claudio, Homan Matjaz, Saadah Omar I, Walsh Catharine M, de Ridder Lissy
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA.
Razetti Healthcare Services LLC - IDB Medical Group Barquisimeto Venezuela.
JPGN Rep. 2025 May 26;6(3):274-287. doi: 10.1002/jpr3.70025. eCollection 2025 Aug.
This is a comprehensive review of pediatric foreign body (FB) ingestions, emphasizing the global burden, epidemiology, and management strategies. Predominantly occurring in children under 6, with a peak between 6 months and 3 years, these incidents pose significant health risks with substantial regional variations in ingested objects-ranging from household items to caustic substances. The pathophysiological effects of ingestions are outlined, highlighting specific dangers associated with button batteries, sharp objects, and caustic agents, which can lead to severe tissue damage and long-term complications. A survey of (70) pediatric gastroenterologists from FISPGHAN societies revealed varied regional practices in the frequency of different FB ingestions with food impaction highest in North America and Ocenaia and caustic ingestion more common is Asia. Button batterers were serious concerns across all regions. Management approaches, specifically intubation practice varied across regions. A review of management protocols for different types of ingestions are provided, emphasizing the urgency of endoscopic removal and follow-up care. Prevention strategies are critical, with a focus on public health interventions, legislation, and education to mitigate the risks associated with FB and caustic ingestions. This report underscores the need for enhanced preventive measures and uniform management guidelines to reduce the incidence and improve outcomes of pediatric ingestions worldwide.
这是一篇关于儿童异物摄入的全面综述，重点介绍了全球负担、流行病学和管理策略。这些事件主要发生在6岁以下儿童中，6个月至3岁达到高峰，摄入物品从家庭用品到腐蚀性物质不等，会带来重大健康风险，且存在显著的地区差异。文中概述了摄入异物的病理生理影响，强调了与纽扣电池、尖锐物体和腐蚀性物质相关的特定危险，这些可能导致严重的组织损伤和长期并发症。对来自国际儿科胃肠病、肝病和营养学会（FISPGHAN）各学会的70名儿科胃肠病学家进行的一项调查显示，不同地区对于不同类型异物摄入的处理方式各异，食物嵌塞在北美和大洋洲最为常见，腐蚀性物质摄入在亚洲更为普遍。纽扣电池在所有地区都是严重问题。管理方法，特别是插管操作在不同地区也有所不同。本文提供了针对不同类型摄入异物的管理方案综述，强调了内镜取出和后续护理的紧迫性。预防策略至关重要，重点在于公共卫生干预、立法和教育，以降低与异物和腐蚀性物质摄入相关的风险。本报告强调需要加强预防措施和统一管理指南，以减少全球儿童摄入异物事件的发生率并改善预后。
