Wen Jiao, Li Ming-Yan, Song Pan-Pan, Teng Fei
Outpatient Department, Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Outpatient Department, Chaoyang No. 7 Retired Cadre Recuperation Center, Beijing, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2025 Aug 1;16:1610260. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1610260. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by persistent symptoms, functional impairment, and a high risk of relapse. Evidence-based nursing (EBN) is a patient-centered approach that applies clinical research to improve treatment adherence, reduce symptom severity, and support recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of EBN interventions in improving clinical and functional outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study, conducted from January 2021 to December 2023, included 156 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia based on DSM-5 or ICD-10 criteria. Patients were divided into an observation group (n = 80) receiving EBN interventions and a control group (n = 76) receiving standard nursing care. EBN protocols included psychoeducation, behavioral rehabilitation, social skills training, family support, and medication supervision. Outcome measures included the Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Modified Rehabilitation Status Scale (MRSS), and medication adherence rates. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 27.0, with a p-value of <0.05 indicating significance. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. After intervention, the observation group demonstrated significant improvements in SDSS and BPRS scores compared to the control group, reflecting enhanced social functionality and symptom management (p < 0.001). MRSS indicators, including dependency, social function, activity ability, and symptom behavior, also showed greater improvements in the observation group (p < 0.001). Medication adherence was significantly higher in the observation group, with higher complete adherence rates (40.0% vs. 19.7%) and fewer cases of non-adherence (25.0% vs. 47.4%, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Evidence-based nursing interventions improve social functionality, symptom management, recovery states, and medication adherence in schizophrenia, emphasizing their value in optimizing clinical outcomes.
背景：精神分裂症是一种严重的精神障碍，其特征为症状持续、功能受损以及复发风险高。循证护理（EBN）是以患者为中心的方法，应用临床研究来提高治疗依从性、减轻症状严重程度并支持康复。本研究旨在评估循证护理干预对改善精神分裂症患者临床和功能结局的有效性。 材料与方法：本回顾性研究于2021年1月至2023年12月进行，纳入了156例根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版（DSM-5）或《国际疾病分类》第10版（ICD-10）标准诊断为精神分裂症的患者。患者被分为接受循证护理干预的观察组（n = 80）和接受标准护理的对照组（n = 76）。循证护理方案包括心理教育、行为康复、社交技能训练、家庭支持和药物监管。结局指标包括社会残疾筛查量表（SDSS）、简明精神病评定量表（BPRS）、改良康复状态量表（MRSS）和药物依从率。使用SPSS 27.0进行统计分析，p值<0.05表示有统计学意义。 结果：两组间基线特征具有可比性。干预后，与对照组相比，观察组的SDSS和BPRS评分有显著改善，反映出社会功能和症状管理得到增强（p < 0.001）。MRSS指标，包括依赖性、社会功能、活动能力和症状行为，在观察组也有更大改善（p < 0.001）。观察组的药物依从性显著更高，完全依从率更高（40.0%对19.7%），不依从病例更少（25.0%对47.4%，p = 0.003）。 结论：循证护理干预可改善精神分裂症患者的社会功能、症状管理、康复状态和药物依从性，强调了其在优化临床结局方面的价值。
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