Chen Hong, Zhao Yuan, Zhang Zhiyu, Xie Yan, Jin Mulan
Capital Medical University, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Department of Pathology, Beijing, China.
J Med Biochem. 2025 Jun 13;44(3):668-677. doi: 10.5937/jomb0-55319.
To investigate the immunophenotypic characteristics and prognostic value of peripheral blood circulating plasma cells (CPCs) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM).
This retrospective study was conducted on NDMM patients treated at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, between January 2020 and June 2023. A total of 57 patients were included, with a median age of 64 years, comprising 27 males. Forty-four patients were assigned to the higher CPCs group and 13 to the lower CPCs group. To compare the proportion of bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs) between the two groups and to analyse the differences in the immunophenotypes of BMPCs and CPCs. Subsequently, the prognosis of the patients was analysed by COX.
The percentage of BMPCs was significantly higher in the higher CPCs group compared to the lower CPCs group (53.07% vs. 15.23%, P<0.001). In the higher CPCs group, BMPCs exhibited decreased expression of CD56 and CD27 but increased expression of CD81 (all P<0.05). The median PFS in the lower CPCs group (17.6 months, 9.12-31.54) was significantly higher than that in the higher CPCs group (14.1 months, 5.08-26.12) (P=0.015). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified CPCs ≥ 0.0101% (HR=6.721, 95% CI: 3.891-11.224, P<0.001) as the independent prognostic factors for PFS.
This study demonstrates distinct immunophenotypic differences between the higher and lower CPCs groups in NDMM patients.
探讨新诊断多发性骨髓瘤（NDMM）患者外周血循环浆细胞（CPCs）的免疫表型特征及预后价值。
本回顾性研究纳入了2020年1月至2023年6月在首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院接受治疗的NDMM患者。共纳入57例患者，中位年龄64岁，其中男性27例。44例患者被分配至高CPCs组，13例被分配至低CPCs组。比较两组间骨髓浆细胞（BMPCs）比例，并分析BMPCs和CPCs免疫表型的差异。随后，采用COX分析患者的预后。
高CPCs组的BMPCs百分比显著高于低CPCs组（53.07%对15.23%，P<0.001）。在高CPCs组中，BMPCs的CD56和CD27表达降低，但CD81表达增加（均P<0.05）。低CPCs组的中位无进展生存期（PFS）（17.6个月，9.12 - 31.54）显著高于高CPCs组（14.1个月，5.08 - 26.12）（P = 0.015）。多因素Cox回归分析确定CPCs≥0.0101%（HR = 6.721，95%CI：3.891 - 11.224，P<0.001）为PFS的独立预后因素。
本研究表明NDMM患者中高、低CPCs组之间存在明显的免疫表型差异。
