Flaifel Mariana, Cruickshank Kendra S, Tahir Aima, Nicolas Gregory, Menéndez Juan P
From the School of Medicine, University of Nicosia Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
School of Medicine, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2025 Aug 15;13(8):e7008. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000007008. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Fat grafting is a common procedure in plastic and reconstructive surgery. It is associated with several disadvantages and complications, especially in patients undergoing recurrent procedures. Researchers are exploring the implications of cryopreserving adipose tissue and stem cells in plastic surgery. This article aimed to evaluate whether autologous fatty tissue and adipose-derived stem cells obtained through liposuction can be safely stored via cryopreservation for future surgical use.
A comprehensive literature search was conducted across 3 databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Ovid MEDLINE, using specific keywords, yielding 75 articles. Studies that were not written in English or conducted in vitro were excluded. Only studies published in English within the last 5 years, and focusing on the use of cryopreservation of adipose tissue, were included. After review, a total of 22 articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed.
Cryopreserving adipose tissue and adipose-derived stem cells shows great potential in plastic surgery. Patient factors such as harvesting site, age, and obesity significantly impact the yield. The highest yield was obtained by harvesting from the abdomen and thigh. Additionally, cryopreservation requires cryoprotective agents, among which a combination of dimethyl sulfoxide and human serum albumin was most effective. Despite the advancement in cryoprotective agents, thawing adipose tissue results in cell death and impaired extracellular matrix integrity. However, cryopreserved stromal vascular fraction gel demonstrated fewer complications and better retention.
The cryopreservation of adipose tissue and stromal vascular fraction gel demonstrates promising advancements for future applications in plastic surgery and regenerative medicine.
脂肪移植是整形和重建外科的常见手术。它存在一些缺点和并发症，尤其是在接受重复手术的患者中。研究人员正在探索冷冻保存脂肪组织和干细胞在整形手术中的意义。本文旨在评估通过吸脂获得的自体脂肪组织和脂肪来源干细胞是否可以通过冷冻保存安全储存以供未来手术使用。
通过使用特定关键词在3个数据库（包括PubMed、ScienceDirect和Ovid MEDLINE）中进行全面的文献检索，共获得75篇文章。排除非英文撰写或体外进行的研究。仅纳入过去5年内发表的、以英文撰写且专注于脂肪组织冷冻保存应用的研究。经过审查，共有22篇文章符合纳入标准并进行分析。
冷冻保存脂肪组织和脂肪来源干细胞在整形手术中显示出巨大潜力。诸如采集部位、年龄和肥胖等患者因素会显著影响产量。从腹部和大腿采集可获得最高产量。此外，冷冻保存需要使用冷冻保护剂，其中二甲亚砜和人血清白蛋白的组合最为有效。尽管冷冻保护剂有所进展，但解冻脂肪组织会导致细胞死亡和细胞外基质完整性受损。然而，冷冻保存的基质血管成分凝胶并发症较少且保留效果更好。
脂肪组织和基质血管成分凝胶的冷冻保存为未来在整形手术和再生医学中的应用展示了有前景的进展。
