Huang Yangrongzhuo, Feng Lina, Li Yuhan, Zhou Hailing, Meng Linglong, Li Xuening, Tang Juan
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
Neurol Res Int. 2025 Aug 7;2025:1098949. doi: 10.1155/nri/1098949. eCollection 2025.
To investigate the association between lipid profiles and disease severity/cranial nerve involvement in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), providing evidence for early clinical intervention. This retrospective study enrolled 182 GBS patients (148 males and 34 females) admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University from December 2019 to April 2024. Patients were stratified into mild (Hughes Functional Disability Scale [HFDS] 1-3) and severe (HFDS 4-6) groups. Multivariate logistic regression (adjusted for age, sex, and antecedent infections) was used to analyze independent associations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein A (ApoA) with disease severity and cranial nerve involvement. ROC curve analysis determined predictive thresholds. Disease severity: each 1 mmol/L increase in LDL elevated severe disease risk by 2.5-fold (OR = 2.503, =0.009) and each 0.1 g/L decrease in ApoA reduced severe disease risk by 99.6% (OR = 0.004, < 0.001). Cranial nerve involvement: LDL ≥ 2.355 mmol/L significantly increased cranial nerve involvement risk (OR = 1.925, =0.018). Predictive thresholds: LDL ≥ 2.215 mmol/L optimally predicted severe disease and ApoA ≤ 1.071 g/L indicated higher probability of mild disease. Elevated LDL and reduced ApoA are independent risk factors for GBS progression and cranial nerve involvement. Combined detection may aid early identification of high-risk patients. Dyslipidemia likely exacerbates GBS pathology through neuroinflammatory mechanisms, suggesting targeted lipid regulation as a potential therapeutic strategy.
为研究吉兰-巴雷综合征（GBS）患者血脂谱与疾病严重程度/脑神经受累之间的关联，为早期临床干预提供依据。本回顾性研究纳入了2019年12月至2024年4月在石河子大学第一附属医院住院的182例GBS患者（148例男性和34例女性）。患者被分为轻度（休斯功能残疾量表[HFDS]1-3级）和重度（HFDS 4-6级）组。采用多因素逻辑回归分析（校正年龄、性别和前驱感染），分析低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和载脂蛋白A（ApoA）与疾病严重程度和脑神经受累的独立关联。ROC曲线分析确定预测阈值。疾病严重程度：LDL每升高1 mmol/L，严重疾病风险增加2.5倍（OR = 2.503，P = 0.009），ApoA每降低0.1 g/L，严重疾病风险降低99.6%（OR = 0.004，P < 0.001）。脑神经受累：LDL≥2.355 mmol/L显著增加脑神经受累风险（OR = 1.925，P = 0.018）。预测阈值：LDL≥2.215 mmol/L对严重疾病具有最佳预测价值，ApoA≤1.071 g/L提示轻度疾病可能性更高。LDL升高和ApoA降低是GBS病情进展和脑神经受累的独立危险因素。联合检测有助于早期识别高危患者。血脂异常可能通过神经炎症机制加重GBS病理改变，提示针对性的血脂调节作为一种潜在的治疗策略。
