Gastric microbiota transplantation enhanced the eradication of refractory infection by modulating the gastric microbiota: a pilot study.

UNLABELLED

Dysbiosis of the gastric microecology is implicated in various gastric diseases, with () infection serving as a pivotal factor influencing the gastric microecological balance and vice versa. In this study, we investigated the novel effects of gastric microbiota transplantation (GMT) on gastric microecology and the potential of this treatment to enhance eradication. We performed a metagenomic analysis of the microecological systems across different regions of the stomach, including the gastric fluid (GF), the gastric mucus layer (GML), and the gastric mucosa (GM). We initiated a clinical GMT intervention by transplanting microbial communities from healthy individuals' GML into patients exhibiting refractory infection and chronic atrophic gastritis. Our findings demonstrated significant disparities in species richness among the GF, GML, and GM, with the GML exhibiting the highest diversity of unique microbial genera. infection primarily influenced the relative species abundance within the GML community, without altering its fundamental composition. Clinically, GMT was well-tolerated by all recipients and showed substantial synergistic efficacy against refractory infection, achieving a 100% eradication rate in all patients, and significantly alleviating symptoms in individuals with -positive atrophic gastritis ( < 0.05). Compared with the gastric microbiota of -negative patients, the gastric microbiota of -positive patients treated with GMT exhibited closer alignment with those of healthy donors. In conclusion, GMT utilizing GML enhanced the eradication rate of refractory infection and improved symptoms in patients with -positive atrophic gastritis through modulating the gastric microbiota.

IMPORTANCE

Dysbiosis of the gastric microecology is implicated in various gastric diseases, with infection serving as a pivotal factor influencing the gastric microecological balance and vice versa. We investigated the novel effects of gastric microbiota transplantation (GMT) on gastric microecology and the potential of this treatment to enhance eradication. GMT significantly enhanced the eradication rate of refractory infection and improved symptoms in patients with -positive atrophic gastritis. GMT demonstrated improvements in the cure rate of refractory infection, potentially offering a new clinical treatment approach. This finding provides new insights and a potential therapeutic direction for treating dysbiosis related chronic gastric diseases.