Gispert M, Wheeler K, Marsh L, Davis M S
Adolescence. 1985 Winter;20(80):753-62.
Suicide attempts among adolescents are occurring more frequently and their evaluation is a difficult task. The factors related to suicide attempts in eighty-two adolescents, ages 12 to 18 were examined. They had been admitted to the adolescent unit of a large, urban general hospital for evaluation of self-destructive behavior. A systematic review of the patients' charts was performed to gather information about family structure, functioning in school, suicidal risk, degree of depression, and stressful life events. Although most were moderately depressed, a significant proportion denied having tried to harm themselves. While some repressed their anger, the majority expressed anger openly, tended to feel sad and to carry out premeditated as well as more serious suicide attempts. Most had experienced family disruption, and nearly half were functioning poorly in school. Suicide risk correlated only with current stress, while depression correlated with life-long as well as current stress. Results suggest that identification of the suicide attempt and the contributory factors, especially the degree of overt anger and depression, are crucial in deciding appropriate interventions, providing adequate treatment, and avoiding recurrence.
青少年自杀未遂事件愈发频繁，对其进行评估是一项艰巨任务。研究了82名年龄在12至18岁的青少年自杀未遂相关因素。他们因自我毁灭行为评估而入住一家大型城市综合医院的青少年科室。对患者病历进行了系统审查，以收集有关家庭结构、在校表现、自杀风险、抑郁程度和应激性生活事件的信息。尽管大多数人有中度抑郁，但相当一部分人否认曾试图伤害自己。一些人压抑愤怒，而大多数人则公开表达愤怒，往往感到悲伤，并实施有预谋的以及更严重的自杀未遂行为。大多数人经历过家庭破裂，近一半人在校表现不佳。自杀风险仅与当前压力相关，而抑郁与终生压力以及当前压力均相关。结果表明，识别自杀未遂及其促成因素，尤其是公开愤怒和抑郁程度，对于决定适当干预措施、提供充分治疗以及避免复发至关重要。
