Sheldon Kira G, Bowles Kathryn H, Luth Elizabeth A
Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2025 Aug 20:10499091251368798. doi: 10.1177/10499091251368798.
BackgroundA growing number of older adults in the United States have multiple chronic conditions which contribute to decreased functional ability and increased healthcare utilization. Unmet supportive care needs place considerable strain on caregivers, particularly of persons living with dementia. Community-based palliative care can help seriously ill individuals manage their conditions and improve their quality of life. How palliative care staff explain these services to older adults and caregivers can impact engagement with palliative care.ObjectivesTo explore knowledge of palliative care among older adults and caregivers in a Medicare Advantage population, including dementia caregivers, and identify areas for improving education and explanations.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with seriously ill Medicare Advantage plan beneficiaries and caregivers (n = 22) who declined the plan's palliative care program in the past year. Focus groups were conducted with palliative care staff (n = 5).ResultsBeneficiaries and caregivers had mixed understandings of palliative care, including: no knowledge, belief that it was the same as or pre-hospice, and accurate, but often one-dimensional understandings of it. Participants recommended providing individualized, tailored explanations focused on the person's health concerns in simple language with follow-up materials to improve engagement with palliative care.ConclusionsSmall adjustments to how palliative care is explained may increase understanding among older adults and caregivers, particularly among those with limited or inaccurate knowledge. Among those familiar with palliative care, providing accessible and clear explanations customized to the person's specific care needs can further broaden understanding and increase perceived relevance.
背景
在美国,越来越多的老年人患有多种慢性疾病,这导致他们的功能能力下降,医疗保健利用率增加。未满足的支持性护理需求给护理人员带来了相当大的压力,尤其是痴呆症患者的护理人员。基于社区的姑息治疗可以帮助重病患者控制病情,提高生活质量。姑息治疗工作人员向老年人和护理人员解释这些服务的方式会影响他们对姑息治疗的参与度。
目的
探讨医疗保险优势人群(包括痴呆症患者护理人员)中的老年人和护理人员对姑息治疗的了解情况,并确定改善教育和解释的领域。
方法
对过去一年拒绝该计划姑息治疗项目的重病医疗保险优势计划受益人和护理人员(n = 22)进行了半结构化访谈。对姑息治疗工作人员(n = 5)进行了焦点小组访谈。
结果
受益人和护理人员对姑息治疗的理解各不相同,包括:不了解、认为它与临终关怀相同或等同于临终关怀之前的阶段,以及准确但往往片面的理解。参与者建议以简单易懂的语言提供针对个人健康问题的个性化、量身定制的解释,并提供后续材料,以提高对姑息治疗的参与度。
结论
对姑息治疗解释方式进行小的调整可能会增加老年人和护理人员的理解,特别是那些知识有限或理解不准确的人。对于那些熟悉姑息治疗的人,根据个人特定的护理需求提供易于理解和清晰的解释,可以进一步拓宽理解范围,并增加感知的相关性。