Yoffe Tal, Vinogradsky Lev, Dahan Deborah, Dor-El Guy, Vered Marilena, Shoshani Yitzhak, Akerman Eyal, Hirschhorn Ariel, Yahalom Ran, Dobriyan Alex
Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, "Chaim Sheba" Tel-Hashomer Medical Center, Ramat-Gan.
School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
J Craniofac Surg. 2025;36(5):1721-1724. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000011170. Epub 2025 Apr 4.
The epidemiology of facial fractures varies across populations, with limited local data on facial skeleton injuries in Israel. Understanding etiology and epidemiology is crucial for health care development, surgeon training, and injury prevention.
The authors analyzed facial skeleton fractures treated at the Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery at Chaim Sheba Medical Center between 2006 and 2015, comparing results with the 1985 to 2005 period. Presenting and analyzing the significant experience of a large tertiary medical center with facial bone trauma over 3 decades.
A retrospective study included patients with facial bone fractures (excluding nasal bone and dental fractures). Diagnosis relied on clinical and radiologic assessments. Statistical analyses used Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, χ2, and Fisher exact tests.
During the 3 decades between 1985 and 2015 our department treated 2511 patients with facial fractures. In the period between 2006 and 2015. Most patients were male (78%, P<0.001), with a mean age of 35.7 ± 21.3 years, similar to previously examined decades. Although males exhibited a peak incidence in the second and third decades of life, females displayed a more uniform distribution across ages. Falls (36.2%, P<0.01) and motor vehicle accidents (MVA, 29%, P<0.01) were primary etiologies, followed by assaults (21.6%, P<0.01). Zygomatic complex and subcondylar fractures were the most common fracture site. Falls predominantly led to sub-condylar fractures, whereas MVAs often resulted in zygomatic complex fractures. Between 1985 and 2015, the mean number of fractures per patient increased significantly (1.56-1.8). Assaults and falls as etiologies showed a rising trend. last decade saw increased maxillofacial trauma admissions (P<0.001).
The authors' findings align with global literature on sex and age. Notably, age and etiology differences exist between males and females. A rise in assaults as an etiology may indicate societal changes, warranting attention. An increase in the number of fractures per MVA case coupled with a decrease in MVA-related facial fractures may reflect changing safety measures. Further research representing areas that differ demographically and socioeconomically can illuminate society-wide trends and variations.
面部骨折的流行病学在不同人群中存在差异，以色列关于面部骨骼损伤的本地数据有限。了解病因和流行病学对于医疗保健发展、外科医生培训和损伤预防至关重要。
作者分析了2006年至2015年期间在海姆·谢巴医疗中心口腔和颅颌面外科治疗的面部骨骼骨折情况，并将结果与1985年至2005年期间进行比较。展示并分析了一家大型三级医疗中心在30多年间处理面部骨创伤的丰富经验。
一项回顾性研究纳入了面部骨折患者（不包括鼻骨和牙骨折）。诊断依靠临床和放射学评估。统计分析采用Wilcoxon、Kruskal-Wallis、χ²和Fisher精确检验。
在1985年至2015年的30年间，我们科室共治疗了2511例面部骨折患者。在2006年至2015年期间。大多数患者为男性（78%，P<0.001），平均年龄为35.7±21.3岁，与之前研究的几十年相似。虽然男性在第二和第三个十年发病率最高，但女性在各年龄段分布更为均匀。跌倒（36.2%，P<0.01）和机动车事故（MVA，29%，P<0.01）是主要病因，其次是袭击（21.6%，P<0.01）。颧复合体和髁突下骨折是最常见的骨折部位。跌倒主要导致髁突下骨折，而MVA常导致颧复合体骨折。在1985年至2015年期间，每位患者的平均骨折数量显著增加（1.56 - 1.8）。袭击和跌倒作为病因呈上升趋势。过去十年颌面创伤入院人数增加（P<0.001）。
作者的研究结果与全球关于性别和年龄的文献一致。值得注意的是男性和女性在年龄和病因上存在差异。袭击作为病因的增加可能表明社会变化，值得关注。每例MVA病例骨折数量增加，同时与MVA相关的面部骨折数量减少，可能反映了安全措施的变化。针对人口统计学和社会经济情况不同的地区进行进一步研究，可以阐明全社会的趋势和差异。
