Totomanova Iva, Haijen Eline C H M, Hurks Petra P M, Ramaekers Johannes G, Kuypers Kim P C
Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2025 Dec;66:102129. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2025.102129. Epub 2025 Aug 6.
Microdosing psychedelics, the regular use of low doses of LSD or psilocybin, have attracted growing public and scientific interest. This review synthesizes findings from 57 human studies on psychological and physiological outcomes in clinical and non-clinical populations. Reported benefits include improved mood, enhanced cognition, social functioning, and mental health, although findings are inconsistent and largely self-reported. Adverse effects such as anxiety, physical discomfort, and cognitive disruption are also frequently reported. Outcomes appear to be highly individual and shaped by user expectations, context, and baseline state. Notably, many experimental studies focus on the acute effects of single low doses, whereas observational studies reflect repeated use and generally report more benefits, while experimental trials tend to yield more null findings. Differences between observational and experimental findings highlight the need for rigorous, placebo-controlled research. While microdosing shows potential in some studies, current evidence remains inconclusive and warrants caution.
微剂量使用致幻剂，即定期使用低剂量的麦角酸二乙酰胺（LSD）或裸盖菇素，已引起公众和科学界越来越多的关注。本综述综合了57项关于临床和非临床人群心理和生理结果的人体研究结果。报告的益处包括情绪改善、认知增强、社交功能和心理健康改善，尽管研究结果并不一致且大多为自我报告。焦虑、身体不适和认知干扰等不良反应也经常被报告。结果似乎高度因人而异，并受用户期望、环境和基线状态的影响。值得注意的是，许多实验研究关注单次低剂量的急性效应，而观察性研究反映的是重复使用情况，通常报告的益处更多，而实验性试验往往得出更多无显著结果的发现。观察性和实验性研究结果之间的差异凸显了进行严格的、安慰剂对照研究的必要性。虽然微剂量在一些研究中显示出潜力，但目前的证据仍然不确定，需要谨慎对待。
