青少年女子足球运动员与运动相关的脑震荡和闭合性头部损伤：对国家损伤数据的10年分析
Sports-Related Concussions and Closed Head Injuries in Pediatric Female Soccer Athletes: A 10-year Analysis of National Injury Data.
作者信息
Yu Jennifer, Yendluri Avanish, Javier Julian V, Mohamed Kareem S, Bienstock Dennis M, Darden Christon, Capotosto Salvatore, Gianakos Arianna L, Frank Rachel M, Parisien Robert L
机构信息
Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
出版信息
Sports Health. 2025 Aug 20:19417381251360017. doi: 10.1177/19417381251360017.
BACKGROUND
Female athletes are underrepresented in sports injury research, particularly regarding sports-related concussions (SRCs) and closed head injuries (CHIs). This study analyzes injury mechanisms in pediatric female soccer players to better address risks in this population.
HYPOTHESIS
It was hypothesized that soccer-related SRCs/CHIs in pediatric female players are most commonly caused by ball contact and direct player collisions, with a decrease in incidence over time due to improved safety measuresStudy Design:Descriptive epidemiological.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 4.
METHODS
The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for soccer-related SRCs/CHIs in girls aged 2 to 18 years from 2014 to 2023. Injury narratives were reviewed to identify mechanisms. National estimates (NEs) were calculated using NEISS statistical weights, and linear regression evaluated trends over time.
RESULTS
SRCs/CHIs comprised 16.1% of soccer-related injuries in females aged 2 to 18 years, with 84,519 nationally estimated injuries (2946 NEISS cases). Players aged 14 to 18 years accounted for 63.8% of cases. The most common mechanism was being hit by a soccer ball kicked by another player (35.0%). Player contact, including head-to-head collisions and rough play, caused 25.2% of injuries. For goalies, being kicked or kneed in the head was the leading mechanism (34.6%). A significant decrease in injuries was observed over time ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Female pediatric soccer head injuries decreased significantly from 2014 to 2023, with most injuries caused by ball contact or player collisions. These findings support implementing safety initiatives, such as headgear, concussion education, and gameplay modifications, to reduce injury risks based on the mechanisms identified.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This study highlights the need for safety measures that can be applied broadly across age groups to mitigate soccer-related head injuries in pediatric female athletes.
背景
女性运动员在运动损伤研究中的代表性不足，尤其是在与运动相关的脑震荡（SRC）和闭合性头部损伤（CHI）方面。本研究分析了儿科女性足球运动员的损伤机制，以更好地应对该人群中的风险。
假设
假设儿科女性足球运动员中与足球相关的SRC/CHI最常见的原因是球接触和球员直接碰撞，由于安全措施的改进，随着时间的推移发病率会降低。
研究设计
描述性流行病学。
证据水平
4级。
方法
查询国家电子伤害监测系统（NEISS），以获取2014年至2023年2至18岁女孩中与足球相关的SRC/CHI。审查损伤叙述以确定机制。使用NEISS统计权重计算全国估计数（NE），并通过线性回归评估随时间的趋势。
结果
SRC/CHI占2至18岁女性足球相关损伤的16.1%，全国估计有84,519例损伤（2946例NEISS病例）。14至18岁的球员占病例的63.8%。最常见的机制是被另一名球员踢的足球击中（35.0%）。球员接触，包括头部碰撞和粗暴行为，导致25.2%的损伤。对于守门员来说，头部被踢或被膝盖顶是主要机制（34.6%）。随着时间的推移，损伤显著减少（<0.05）。
结论
2014年至2023年，儿科女性足球头部损伤显著减少，大多数损伤由球接触或球员碰撞引起。这些发现支持实施安全倡议，如头盔、脑震荡教育和比赛规则修改，以根据确定的机制降低受伤风险。
临床相关性
本研究强调需要采取可广泛应用于各年龄组的安全措施，以减轻儿科女性运动员与足球相关的头部损伤。
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