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纳米药物经鼻脑递送用于神经退行性疾病

Transnasal-brain delivery of nanomedicines for neurodegenerative diseases.

作者信息

Zhang Xu, Wang Maohua, Liu Zhixian, Wang Ying, Chen Li, Guo Jiaqi, Zhang Wentao, Zhang Yao, Yu Chenjie, Bie Tongwu, Yu Youjun, Guan Bing

机构信息

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Hearing and Balance Medical Engineering Technology Center of Guangdong, Foshan, China.

出版信息

Front Drug Deliv. 2023 Aug 11;3:1247162. doi: 10.3389/fddev.2023.1247162. eCollection 2023.

DOI:10.3389/fddev.2023.1247162
PMID:40838047
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12363324/
Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have become a serious global health problem as the population ages. Traditionally, treatment strategies for NDs have included oral and intravenous administration; however, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) can prevent drugs from reaching the brain, rendering the treatment incomplete and the effect unsatisfactory. Additionally, the prolonged or excessive use of drugs that can cross the BBB can damage liver and kidney function. Recent studies have shown that nose-to-brain drug delivery can noninvasively bypass the BBB, allowing drugs to enter the brain through the olfactory or trigeminal nerve pathways; additionally, nanoparticle carriers can enhance drug delivery. This review introduces drug carrier nanoparticles for nose-to-brain delivery systems, compares the advantages and disadvantages of different nanoparticles, and discusses the factors influencing nose-to-brain nanomedicine delivery and enhancement strategies. We also summarize nose-to-brain delivery and nanomedicines for treating NDs, the current challenges of this approach, and the future promise of nanomedicine-based ND treatment.

摘要

随着人口老龄化，神经退行性疾病（NDs）已成为一个严重的全球健康问题。传统上，NDs的治疗策略包括口服和静脉给药；然而，血脑屏障（BBB）会阻止药物进入大脑，导致治疗不彻底且效果不理想。此外，能够穿过BBB的药物长期或过量使用会损害肝肾功能。最近的研究表明，鼻脑给药可以非侵入性地绕过BBB，使药物通过嗅觉或三叉神经通路进入大脑；此外，纳米颗粒载体可以增强药物递送。本文综述介绍了用于鼻脑递送系统的药物载体纳米颗粒，比较了不同纳米颗粒的优缺点，并讨论了影响鼻脑纳米药物递送的因素和增强策略。我们还总结了用于治疗NDs的鼻脑递送和纳米药物、这种方法目前面临的挑战以及基于纳米药物的ND治疗的未来前景。

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