Pengsanthia Saknarin, Le Bihan-Duval Elisabeth, Narcy Agnès, Ezagal Jacky, Kubota Satoshi, Molee Wittawat, Molee Amonrat
School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
BOA, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
Poult Sci. 2025 Aug 9;104(11):105669. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.105669.
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes, oxidative stress, and antioxidant responses in the duodenum, involved in differential residual feed intake (RFI), an indicator of feed efficiency. The study was conducted on two groups of 15 male slow-growing Korat chickens (KRC), the low RFI (LRFI) group and the high RFI (HRFI) group, with mean values of -197.8 ± 12.1 g and 200.8 ± 15.1 g, respectively. The results indicated that differences in RFI did not negatively affect growth performance (P>0.05). The LRFI group had a significantly lower feed intake than the HRFI group (P<0.05). Expression profiles of mitochondrial OXPHOS genes showed that COX1, COX2, COX3, CYTB, ND2, ND5, ATP6, and ATP8 were upregulated in HRFI chickens (P<0.05), indicating a higher mitochondrial activity related to cellular respiration for energy production. This was consistent with the higher oxidative stress indicated by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production observed in HRFI chickens. Moreover, the antioxidant enzyme activities in HRFI were significantly higher than those in LRFI, suggesting that HRFI birds have the capacity to cope with elevated levels of ROS. Principal component analysis (PCA), which integrated phenotypic characterization, mitochondrial oxidative status, and gene expression levels, revealed a clear separation between LRFI and HRFI chickens, with PC-1 explaining 47% of the variance. Mitochondrial OXPHOS genes and oxidative stress-related traits clustered toward the HRFI group, indicating a positive correlation between reduced feed efficiency, oxidative metabolism to produce energy, and elevated oxidative stress. This study demonstrates that differences in feed efficiency in KRC were associated with differences in mitochondrial function related to cellular respiration and antioxidant enzyme mechanisms, which eliminate ROS produced during cellular respiration. The findings suggested that HRFI chickens had greater energy demands compared to LRFI chickens.
本研究的目的是调查十二指肠中线粒体氧化磷酸化（OXPHOS）基因的表达、氧化应激和抗氧化反应，这些与差异剩余采食量（RFI）有关，RFI是饲料效率的一个指标。该研究对两组各15只雄性生长缓慢的科拉特鸡（KRC）进行，即低RFI（LRFI）组和高RFI（HRFI）组，其平均值分别为-197.8±12.1克和200.8±15.1克。结果表明，RFI的差异对生长性能没有负面影响（P>0.05）。LRFI组的采食量显著低于HRFI组（P<0.05）。线粒体OXPHOS基因的表达谱显示，COX1、COX2、COX3、CYTB、ND2、ND5、ATP6和ATP8在HRFI鸡中上调（P<0.05），表明与细胞呼吸产生能量相关的线粒体活性更高。这与在HRFI鸡中观察到的活性氧（ROS）产生增加所表明的更高氧化应激一致。此外，HRFI中的抗氧化酶活性显著高于LRFI，表明HRFI鸡有能力应对升高的ROS水平。主成分分析（PCA）整合了表型特征、线粒体氧化状态和基因表达水平，揭示了LRFI和HRFI鸡之间的明显分离，PC-1解释了47%的方差。线粒体OXPHOS基因和氧化应激相关性状向HRFI组聚集，表明饲料效率降低、氧化代谢产生能量和氧化应激升高之间存在正相关。本研究表明，KRC中饲料效率的差异与细胞呼吸和抗氧化酶机制相关的线粒体功能差异有关，这些机制消除细胞呼吸过程中产生的ROS。研究结果表明，与LRFI鸡相比，HRFI鸡的能量需求更大。
