Khavere Sonia, Hadjiconstantinou Michelle, Miksza Joanne, Hagan Jenny, Salisu-Olatunji Shukrat, Naderpour Sara, Hassen Sarah Nalir, Karimi Zahra, Gillies Clare L
Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Diabet Med. 2025 Oct;42(10):e70127. doi: 10.1111/dme.70127. Epub 2025 Aug 21.
Self-management interventions effectively improve health outcomes in adults with Type 2 diabetes. Young adults living with Type 2 diabetes are at a higher risk of diabetes-related complications, hospitalisation and reduced quality of life. While self-management is key in diabetes care, its effectiveness in young adults with Type 2 diabetes remains unclear. This review assessed self-management interventions' impact on health outcomes in young adults (18-45 years) with Type 2 diabetes.
Five electronic databases were searched from inception to May 2024. Trials evaluating self-management interventions versus usual care in young adults were included. Outcomes of interest were clinical, self-care behaviour and psychological health. Meta-analysis used a random effects model; study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB2) and the JBI checklist for quasi-experimental studies. The review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024522979).
Ten studies were included, nine in the meta-analysis, which reported no significant differences between the intervention and control groups in HbA1c, body mass index, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipids, depression or self-efficacy outcomes. Nevertheless, these findings are imprecise due to few studies, missing data and small sample sizes. Commonly used behaviour change techniques were goals and planning, shaping knowledge and feedback/monitoring.
Existing self-management interventions did not improve clinical and psychological outcomes among young adults (18-45 years) living with Type 2 diabetes. More effective strategies are needed for this priority population.
自我管理干预措施能有效改善2型糖尿病成年人的健康状况。患有2型糖尿病的年轻人患糖尿病相关并发症、住院和生活质量下降的风险更高。虽然自我管理是糖尿病护理的关键，但其在2型糖尿病年轻人中的有效性仍不明确。本综述评估了自我管理干预措施对18至45岁2型糖尿病年轻人健康状况的影响。
检索了五个电子数据库，检索时间从建库至2024年5月。纳入评估年轻人自我管理干预措施与常规护理的试验。关注的结果包括临床、自我护理行为和心理健康。荟萃分析采用随机效应模型；研究质量使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具（RoB2）和JBI准实验研究清单进行评估。本综述遵循PRISMA指南，并在PROSPERO（CRD42024522979）上进行了注册。
纳入了10项研究，其中9项纳入荟萃分析，结果显示干预组和对照组在糖化血红蛋白、体重指数、体重、腰围、血压、血脂、抑郁或自我效能结果方面无显著差异。然而，由于研究数量少、数据缺失和样本量小，这些结果并不精确。常用的行为改变技术包括目标与计划、塑造知识以及反馈/监测。
现有的自我管理干预措施并未改善18至45岁2型糖尿病年轻人的临床和心理结果。这一重点人群需要更有效的策略。
