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病例报告:接受替雷利珠单抗治疗的复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤患者骨髓中的反应性T细胞大颗粒淋巴细胞

Case Report: Reactive T-cell large granular lymphocytes in the bone marrow of a patient with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma receiving teclistamab.

作者信息

Dean Erin A, Yang Li-Jun, Seifert Robert P, Wingard John R

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.

Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.

出版信息

Front Oncol. 2025 Aug 6;15:1630929. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1630929. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

T-cell engager therapies for the management of relapsed/refractory (R/R) multiple myeloma (MM) may lead to neutropenia with or without associated infections, which can limit treatment and efficacy. We present a case of a patient with penta-class R/R MM who, while receiving teclistamab, developed persistent severe to moderate neutropenia with associated infections. A review of her bone marrow confirmed the eradication of the malignant plasma cells, but flow cytometry identified an increase in T-cell large granular lymphocytes (T-LGLs). Upon further analysis, T-LGLs were found to be reactive and non-clonal, ruling out secondary T-LGL leukemia. This case describes the evolving peripheral blood cell counts, bone marrow composition, and radiologic findings due to the activation of the patient's immune system before, during, and after treatment with teclistamab. To our knowledge, this is the first reported potential association of T-LGL activation with teclistamab treatment.

摘要

用于治疗复发/难治性(R/R)多发性骨髓瘤(MM)的T细胞衔接器疗法可能会导致中性粒细胞减少,无论是否伴有感染,这可能会限制治疗和疗效。我们报告了一例五分类R/R MM患者,在接受替雷利珠单抗治疗时出现持续的重度至中度中性粒细胞减少并伴有感染。对其骨髓的检查证实恶性浆细胞已被清除,但流式细胞术显示T细胞大颗粒淋巴细胞(T-LGL)增多。进一步分析发现,T-LGL具有反应性且为非克隆性,排除了继发性T-LGL白血病。本病例描述了在替雷利珠单抗治疗前、治疗期间和治疗后,由于患者免疫系统激活导致的外周血细胞计数、骨髓组成和影像学表现的变化。据我们所知,这是首次报道的T-LGL激活与替雷利珠单抗治疗之间的潜在关联。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5991/12364682/30c1cbe5c649/fonc-15-1630929-g001.jpg

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