Patil Shradha, Mehdi SayedFarhan S
Trauma and Orthopaedics, Diana, Princess of Wales Hospital, Grimsby, GBR.
Plastic Surgery, Bradford Royal Infirmary (Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation), Bradford, GBR.
Cureus. 2025 Jul 21;17(7):e88420. doi: 10.7759/cureus.88420. eCollection 2025 Jul.
The gut-brain axis (GBA) connects the gastrointestinal (GI) system and the central nervous system (CNS) in a two-way communication system that greatly impacts mental health and overall well-being. Dietary choices significantly influence the gut microbiome, thereby affecting emotional, cognitive, and neurological health. This review explores how specific dietary patterns, including high-fiber, plant-based, and Mediterranean diets (MD), enhance microbial diversity, decrease inflammation, and enhance gut-brain communication. It highlights the importance of probiotics, prebiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants in controlling gut microbiota, enhancing intestinal barrier function, and reducing systemic inflammation associated with anxiety, depression, and cognitive decline. The article covers practical methods for integrating dietary adjustments into personalized mental health treatment, while also addressing challenges such as individual microbiome variability and the need for long-term research. This review underscores the possibility of using nutritional interventions as a non-invasive and easily accessible way to promote mental health and resilience based on existing evidence. The methodology involved a comprehensive examination of existing literature exploring the GBA and its influence on mental health. We searched relevant databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar, using keywords such as "gut-brain axis," "microbiome," "diet," and "mental health." Peer-reviewed articles were selected based on their relevance to the relationship between dietary interventions and mental health outcomes, with a focus on studies exploring cognitive and emotional well-being.
肠-脑轴（GBA）在一个双向通信系统中连接胃肠道（GI）系统和中枢神经系统（CNS），这一系统对心理健康和整体幸福感有重大影响。饮食选择会显著影响肠道微生物群，从而影响情绪、认知和神经健康。本综述探讨了特定的饮食模式，包括高纤维饮食、植物性饮食和地中海饮食（MD），如何增强微生物多样性、减轻炎症并加强肠-脑通信。它强调了益生菌、益生元、ω-3脂肪酸和抗氧化剂在控制肠道微生物群、增强肠道屏障功能以及减少与焦虑、抑郁和认知衰退相关的全身炎症方面的重要性。文章涵盖了将饮食调整纳入个性化心理健康治疗的实用方法，同时也解决了诸如个体微生物群变异性以及长期研究需求等挑战。本综述强调了基于现有证据，利用营养干预作为促进心理健康和恢复力的一种非侵入性且易于获得的方法的可能性。该方法涉及对探索肠-脑轴及其对心理健康影响的现有文献进行全面审查。我们使用“肠-脑轴”、“微生物群”、“饮食”和“心理健康”等关键词搜索了包括PubMed和谷歌学术在内的相关数据库。基于与饮食干预和心理健康结果之间关系的相关性，选择了经过同行评审 的文章，重点关注探索认知和情绪幸福感的研究。
