Molecular characterization and antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant in immunocompromised cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to analyze isolates from pediatric cancer patients, determine the prevalence of PVL genes and assess their clinical implications.

INTRODUCTION

Methicillin-resistant infections pose significant challenges in pediatric oncology settings. Understanding the prevalence, genotypic characteristics, and antibiotic resistance patterns of aids in improving patients' outcomes.

METHODS

A total of 120 isolates from patients receiving chemotherapy for treatment of malignant diseases and developing BSIs during febrile episodes were examined. Isolates were identified using Gram staining, biochemical tests, and VITEK 2-Compact 15. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Molecular characterization included PCR assays for , multiplex PCR for , and genes, and type.

RESULTS

Out of 120 isolates of (80%) isolate possessed mecA gene and were identified as bacteremia harboring gene was detected in cancer patients in Egypt at 26.8% of isolates. The study identified a higher fatality rate in patients aged 6-10 years (26.7%) compared to other age groups ( < 0.044). Deceased patients exhibited higher leukocyte counts and lower platelet counts. Solid tumor patients had significantly higher neutrophil and monocyte counts. of correlated with survival and mortality, with the gene being a significant factor. showed a higher prevalence of among survivors, while was associated with better outcomes. Antibiotic susceptibility revealed high resistance to cefoxitin, cefepime, and Tazocin, but better sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin, particularly in and .

CONCLUSION

The study highlights the age-related fatality differences and the impact of HCV infection on survival rates. Hematologic parameters and play a crucial role in patient outcomes. The observed antibiotic resistance patterns necessitate the need for targeted therapies based on .