Perception of Recorded Music With Hearing Aids: Compression Differentially Affects Musical Scene Analysis and Musical Sound Quality.

Hearing aids have traditionally been designed to facilitate speech perception. With regards to music perception, previous work indicates that hearing aid users frequently complain about music sound quality. Yet, the effects of hearing aid amplification on musical perception abilities are largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of hearing aid amplification and dynamic range compression (DRC) settings on musical scene analysis (MSA) abilities and sound quality ratings (SQR) using polyphonic music recordings. Additionally, speech reception thresholds in noise (SRT) were measured. Thirty-three hearing aid users with moderate to severe hearing loss participated in three conditions: unaided, and aided with either slow or fast DRC settings. Overall, MSA abilities, SQR and SRT significantly improved with the use of hearing aids compared to the unaided condition. Yet, differences were observed regarding the choice of compression settings. Fast DRC led to better MSA performance, reflecting enhanced selective listening in musical mixtures, while slow DRC elicited more favorable SQR. Despite these improvements, variability in amplification benefit across DRC settings and tasks remained considerable, with some individuals showing limited or no improvement. These findings highlight a trade-off between scene transparency (indexed by MSA) and perceived sound quality, with individual differences emerging as a key factor in shaping amplification outcomes. Our results underscore the potential benefits of hearing aids for music perception and indicate the need for personalized fitting strategies tailored to task-specific demands.