Liu Yumeng, Zhang Zejian, Xu Xiequn
Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
Med Mol Morphol. 2025 Aug 25. doi: 10.1007/s00795-025-00448-w.
Gastrointestinal tumors significantly contribute to cancer-related mortality worldwide. Early detection coupled with effective treatment significantly improves overall survival. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation, a crucial post-translational modification, undergoes alterations in glycan structures. IgG N-glycosylation is associated with numerous physiological and pathological processes in the human body. Aberrant changes of IgG N-glycosylation play a key role in cancers given the involvement of glycans in cancer progression and immune modulation. These changes affect the binding of the Fc region of IgG to its receptor, in turn, affect the corresponding downstream effects, which are crucial in cancer immuno-surveillance and immune escape. This review aims to explore the latest advancements in understanding IgG N-glycosylation in gastrointestinal cancers, emphasizing its potential as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target. The application of IgG N-glycosylation in clinical oncology could enhance early detection, improve therapeutic efficacy, and enable better monitoring of disease progression and recurrence. Furthermore, we summarized the research progression to provide novel insights into the potential regulatory mechanism of IgG N-glycosylation in gastrointestinal tumors. In all, IgG N-glycosylation holds significant promise for advancing cancer diagnosis and treatment. Further studies are required to fully elucidate its mechanisms and optimize its use in clinical practice.
胃肠道肿瘤是全球癌症相关死亡的重要原因。早期检测并结合有效治疗可显著提高总体生存率。免疫球蛋白G（IgG）N-糖基化是一种关键的翻译后修饰，其聚糖结构会发生改变。IgG N-糖基化与人体许多生理和病理过程相关。鉴于聚糖参与癌症进展和免疫调节，IgG N-糖基化的异常变化在癌症中起关键作用。这些变化影响IgG的Fc区域与其受体的结合，进而影响相应的下游效应，这在癌症免疫监视和免疫逃逸中至关重要。本综述旨在探讨胃肠道癌症中IgG N-糖基化研究的最新进展，强调其作为诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜力。IgG N-糖基化在临床肿瘤学中的应用可提高早期检测率、改善治疗效果，并更好地监测疾病进展和复发。此外，我们总结了研究进展，为IgG N-糖基化在胃肠道肿瘤中的潜在调控机制提供新见解。总之，IgG N-糖基化在推进癌症诊断和治疗方面具有巨大潜力。需要进一步研究以充分阐明其机制并优化其在临床实践中的应用。
