Miller S A, Ospina L H, Ozomaro B, Ballon J S, McEvoy J P, Jarskog L F, Stroup T S, Kimhy D
Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Psychosis. 2025 Jun 9. doi: 10.1080/17522439.2025.2516460.
Emotion awareness and regulation (EAR) are critical for effective social functioning. Individuals with psychosis display ineffective EAR, contributing substantially to poor functional outcomes. Reports in non-clinical and other clinical populations have linked childhood trauma to poor EAR. However, limited information is available about the developmental origins of EAR in people with psychosis.
We investigated the links between childhood trauma and EAR in 90 individuals with psychosis.
Ninety-one percent of the participants reported childhood trauma: 40.0% emotional abuse, 35.6% physical abuse, 21.1% sexual abuse, 46.7% emotional neglect, and 40.0% physical neglect. Higher degree of childhood trauma predicted greater difficulties in identifying and describing feelings in adulthood. Specifically, emotional abuse significantly predicted difficulties identifying feelings (β=0.48; 22% of the variance) and describing feelings (β=0.38; 23% of the variance). Notably, being female was associated with fewer difficulties describing feelings. Physical abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional and physical neglect were not significant predictors of EAR. For emotional regulation, models predicting use of suppression and cognitive reappraisal yielded trending results and no significance, respectively.
The findings highlight the critical role of childhood trauma in shaping EAR in individuals with psychosis. The authors discuss the findings' clinical, functional, and therapeutic implications.
情绪觉察与调节（EAR）对于有效的社交功能至关重要。患有精神病的个体表现出无效的EAR，这在很大程度上导致了不良的功能结果。非临床和其他临床人群的报告将童年创伤与不良的EAR联系起来。然而，关于精神病患者EAR的发育起源的信息有限。
我们调查了90名精神病患者童年创伤与EAR之间的联系。
91%的参与者报告有童年创伤：40.0%为情感虐待，35.6%为身体虐待，21.1%为性虐待，46.7%为情感忽视，40.0%为身体忽视。童年创伤程度越高，成年后识别和描述情感的困难就越大。具体而言，情感虐待显著预测了识别情感的困难（β=0.48；方差的22%）和描述情感的困难（β=0.38；方差的23%）。值得注意的是，女性在描述情感方面的困难较少。身体虐待、性虐待以及情感和身体忽视并不是EAR的显著预测因素。对于情绪调节，预测使用压抑和认知重评的模型分别产生了趋势性结果和无显著性结果。
研究结果突出了童年创伤在塑造精神病患者EAR方面的关键作用。作者讨论了研究结果的临床、功能和治疗意义。
