García-Heredia Anabel, Guerra-Núñez Luna, Iriarte-Gahete Marianela, Espinosa-Lara Pablo, Valor Luis M
Research Laboratory, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, 03010, Spain.
Department of Haematology, Immunology and Genetics, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cadiz, 11009, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 26;15(1):31344. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16260-6.
Glioblastomas are the most prevalent and malignant primary cancers in the brain. Given the promising prospects of immunotherapeutic approaches, there is increasing interest in obtaining precise knowledge of the immunologic status of the tumour microenvironment for each individual. We explored the feasibility of inferring this tumour immune component in a minimally invasive manner prior to any clinical intervention, taking advantage of the preoperative immune cell counts that can be easily obtained from the clinical records of the patients. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is the most extensive measure calculated from complete counts of peripheral blood. Despite there was an increase in the NLR in high grade tumours of our cohorts of study, we did not find evidence of any correlation between the NLR and different degrees of tumour immune infiltration in glioblastoma. The same negative result was obtained with the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR). In addition, glioblastomas associated with extreme values of peripheral NLR did not exhibit substantial gene expression differences that could be linked to distinct tumourigenic properties. Overall, these results suggest that peripheral immune cell ratios cannot be used to reliably infer the immune microenvironment within the tumour, underscoring the complexity of using peripheral markers to assess local tumour immunity.
胶质母细胞瘤是大脑中最常见且恶性程度最高的原发性癌症。鉴于免疫治疗方法前景广阔，人们越来越希望精准了解每个个体肿瘤微环境的免疫状态。我们利用可从患者临床记录中轻松获取的术前免疫细胞计数，探讨了在任何临床干预之前以微创方式推断这种肿瘤免疫成分的可行性。中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）是根据外周血全血细胞计数计算得出的最常用指标。尽管在我们的研究队列中高级别肿瘤的NLR有所升高，但我们并未发现NLR与胶质母细胞瘤不同程度的肿瘤免疫浸润之间存在任何相关性。单核细胞与淋巴细胞比值（MLR）也得到了相同的阴性结果。此外，外周NLR值极高的胶质母细胞瘤并未表现出与不同致瘤特性相关的显著基因表达差异。总体而言，这些结果表明外周免疫细胞比值不能可靠地推断肿瘤内的免疫微环境，凸显了使用外周标志物评估局部肿瘤免疫的复杂性。
