Leddy John J, Haider Mohammad N, Chizuk Haley M, Nazir Muhammad S Z, Worts Phillip, Willer Barry S, Johnson Blair D
UBMD Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, SUNY Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Tallahassee Orthopedic Clinic, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Sports Med. 2025 Aug 26. doi: 10.1007/s40279-025-02301-7.
Symptom-limited exercise intolerance is a physiological sign of sport-related concussion. Possible etiologies include rest-induced aerobic deconditioning and/or impaired cardiopulmonary function.
This study examined cardiovascular and respiratory function at rest and during progressive cycle ergometer exercise in adolescents within 10 days of sport-related concussion compared with non-concussed athletes.
Concussed participants (n = 26, 15.4 ± 1.1 years, 54% male, 7.3 ± 1.8 days from injury) and control participants (n = 24, 15.8 ± 1.6 years, 58% male) performed the Buffalo Concussion Bike Test. Blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, respiratory rate, minute ventilation, oxygen consumption, and end-tidal CO were collected at rest and continuously during exercise.
Concussed participants exercised for 16.24 ± 5.6 min, experienced a greater than 2-point (on a 0-10 scale) exacerbation of their concussion symptoms at their final minute, and reported higher perceived exertion throughout exercise versus controls. Controls exercised for 25.08 ± 7.0 min up to voluntary exhaustion without reporting any concussion-like symptoms. Concussed participants' cardiovascular and respiratory parameters did not differ at rest versus controls, but concussed participants had higher minute ventilation and their blood pressure plateaued at lower values during the first 10 min of exercise.
No evidence of aerobic deconditioning was found within 10 days of injury. Our study found attenuated cardiopulmonary responses to progressive aerobic exercise, which may be a cause for exercise intolerance in concussed adolescent athletes. Additional research is warranted to determine if this may be related to altered autonomic nervous system regulation.
症状受限的运动不耐受是与运动相关脑震荡的一种生理体征。可能的病因包括休息引起的有氧体能下降和/或心肺功能受损。
本研究比较了与运动相关脑震荡后10天内的青少年与未发生脑震荡的运动员在静息状态和进行递增式自行车测力计运动期间的心血管和呼吸功能。
脑震荡参与者（n = 26，年龄15.4 ± 1.1岁，男性占54%，受伤后7.3 ± 1.8天）和对照参与者（n = 24，年龄15.8 ± 1.6岁，男性占58%）进行了布法罗脑震荡自行车测试。在静息状态和运动期间持续收集血压、心率、每搏输出量、心输出量、呼吸频率、分钟通气量、耗氧量和呼气末二氧化碳。
脑震荡参与者运动了16.24 ± 5.6分钟，在最后一分钟其脑震荡症状加重超过2分（0 - 10分制），并且在整个运动过程中报告的主观用力程度高于对照组。对照组运动至自愿疲劳，持续了25.08 ± 7.0分钟，未报告任何类似脑震荡的症状。脑震荡参与者的心血管和呼吸参数在静息状态与对照组之间无差异，但脑震荡参与者的分钟通气量较高，且在运动的前10分钟其血压在较低值时就趋于平稳。
在受伤后10天内未发现有氧体能下降的证据。我们的研究发现脑震荡青少年运动员对递增式有氧运动的心肺反应减弱，这可能是运动不耐受的一个原因。有必要进行更多研究以确定这是否可能与自主神经系统调节改变有关。
