Oliveira de Moraes Luis Henrique, Beling Tyler, Felix Pimenta Gustavo, Bruder-Nascimento Thiago
Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Physiology and Cell Biology, Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, U.S.A.
Clin Sci (Lond). 2025 Aug 26;139(16):CS20257214. doi: 10.1042/CS20257214.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death worldwide, including in the United States. Risk factors such as high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, and hypertension contribute significantly to their development. Emerging evidence highlights a central role for chemokines-small signaling molecules that guide immune cell migration to sites of infection, inflammation, or tissue damage-in the initiation and progression of hypertension. This positions chemokines and their receptors as promising pharmacological targets for blood pressure regulation and vascular protection. In this review, we explore the therapeutic potential of targeting chemokines and their receptors and summarize the main strategies reported in the literature for managing hypertension through these pathways. For this purpose, an analysis of drugs that act on the most relevant receptors at the preclinical and clinical levels was performed. After this analysis, their mechanisms of action, selectivity, and possible adverse effects were discussed. In conclusion, we reinforce that the modulation of chemokines and their receptors represents a promising approach in the control of CVDs, especially hypertension, although further clinical studies are needed to validate the efficacy and safety of this strategy, considering possible impacts on other essential immune responses.
心血管疾病（CVDs）仍然是全球包括美国在内的主要死因。高胆固醇、糖尿病、肥胖、吸烟、缺乏体育锻炼和高血压等风险因素对其发展有重大影响。新出现的证据凸显了趋化因子（引导免疫细胞迁移至感染、炎症或组织损伤部位的小信号分子）在高血压发生和发展中的核心作用。这使得趋化因子及其受体成为血压调节和血管保护的有前景的药理学靶点。在本综述中，我们探讨了靶向趋化因子及其受体的治疗潜力，并总结了文献中报道的通过这些途径管理高血压的主要策略。为此，对在临床前和临床水平作用于最相关受体的药物进行了分析。在此分析之后，讨论了它们的作用机制、选择性和可能的不良反应。总之，我们强调趋化因子及其受体的调节代表了控制心血管疾病，尤其是高血压的一种有前景的方法，尽管考虑到对其他重要免疫反应可能的影响，还需要进一步的临床研究来验证该策略的有效性和安全性。
