monitoring before and after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia: A report from the TROPHY study group.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with the translocation of chromosome (6;9)(p23;q34) forms the DEK-NUP214 fusion mRNA, which is a rare subtype (~1%). Owing to the paucity of this AML subtype, comprehensive studies analysing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) outcomes are lacking.

METHODS

We aimed to evaluate the dynamic evolution of transcripts before and after allo-HSCT as well as the impact of pretransplant status on posttransplant outcomes in AML patients in a retrospective, multicentre study ( = 14).

RESULTS

Intermediate- or high-risk AML patients without transcripts receiving allo-HSCT during the same time period were enrolled as controls. Ten (71.4%) patients showed positivity before allo-HSCT. Except for one patient who died early after allo-HSCT, 7 out of the other 9 patients (77.8%) achieved negativity after allo-HSCT. The 2-year probabilities of relapse, non-relapse mortality (NRM), leukaemia-free survival (LFS), and overall survival (OS) were 14.3% (95% CI, 0%-33.6%), 35.7% (95% CI, 9.3%-62.1%), 50.0% (95% CI, 29.6%-84.4%), and 50.0% (95% CI, 29.6%-84.4%), respectively. The incidence of relapse was comparable between AML patients with and without transcript, but the incidence of NRM, LFS, and OS of patients with was poorer compared with those without transcript.

CONCLUSIONS

Thus, this study observed that allo-HSCT could overcome the poor prognosis of persistent positivity after chemotherapy; however, new therapies should be further identified to improve the outcomes of AML patients with .