Wang Yiwei, Zhang Hui, Yao Peifeng, Teng Songling
The 1st Department of Hand Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110024, People's Republic of China.
Cancer Manag Res. 2025 Aug 21;17:1725-1739. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S542371. eCollection 2025.
In recent years, the potential role of environmental exposure factors in the development of osteosarcoma has garnered significant attention. Osteosarcoma, a common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, exhibits a complex pathogenesis. Current research suggests that various environmental factors, including ionizing radiation, heavy metal exposure, fluoride-contaminated drinking water, air pollution, alkylating agents, viral infections, and occupational exposures, may be associated with an increased risk of osteosarcoma. Ionizing radiation, a well-documented etiological factor, is closely linked to the onset of osteosarcoma, primarily through mechanisms involving DNA damage and genetic instability. Heavy metals can enter the human body via multiple environmental pathways, such as water, air, and the food chain, disrupting the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of bone cells and thereby promoting the progression of osteosarcoma. Additionally, alkylating agent chemotherapy and viral infections have also been implicated in the development of osteosarcoma. Although the association between these factors and osteosarcoma has been preliminarily established, the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. This study aims to synthesize existing literature to explore the potential roles of environmental exposure factors in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma, providing a comprehensive reference for a deeper understanding of its etiology.
近年来，环境暴露因素在骨肉瘤发生发展中的潜在作用已引起广泛关注。骨肉瘤是儿童和青少年常见的恶性骨肿瘤，其发病机制复杂。目前的研究表明，包括电离辐射、重金属暴露、氟污染饮用水、空气污染、烷化剂、病毒感染和职业暴露等多种环境因素，可能与骨肉瘤风险增加有关。电离辐射是一种有充分记录的致病因素，与骨肉瘤的发生密切相关，主要通过涉及DNA损伤和基因不稳定的机制。重金属可通过水、空气和食物链等多种环境途径进入人体，干扰骨细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡，从而促进骨肉瘤的进展。此外，烷化剂化疗和病毒感染也与骨肉瘤的发生有关。尽管这些因素与骨肉瘤之间的关联已初步确立，但其潜在机制仍有待充分阐明。本研究旨在综合现有文献，探讨环境暴露因素在骨肉瘤发病机制中的潜在作用，为深入了解其病因提供全面参考。
