Masood Anam, Rana Sadiq Amin Ahmed, Akhtar Mobeen, Batool Syed Midhat, Manzoor Afshan, Ali Muhammad
Operative Dentistry, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, PAK.
Operative Dentistry, Sadiq Amin Medical and Dental Complex, Multan, PAK.
Cureus. 2025 Jul 25;17(7):e88731. doi: 10.7759/cureus.88731. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Background and objective A comprehensive understanding of root canal morphology and its anatomical variations is critical for the success of root canal treatment (RCT). Unrecognized variations may lead to incomplete cleaning, shaping, and obturation, potentially resulting in treatment failure. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and distribution of root canal configuration types in maxillary second premolars (Mx2P) and their association with gender using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed 384 CBCT scans of fully developed, untreated Mx2Ps in patients aged 18 to 65 years. Teeth with restorations, prior endodontic treatment, gross caries, fractures, ankylosis, or pulpal calcifications were excluded. Root canal morphology was classified according to Vertucci's classification system using the Carestream Dental Imaging Software 3D Module v2.4. Gender-based comparisons were conducted using the chi-square test. Results Scans from 219 patients (114 males (52.1%), 105 females (47.9%)) with a mean age of 42.35 ± 13.79 years were included. The most prevalent canal configuration was Vertucci's Type I (n = 240, 62.5%), followed by Type II (n = 96, 25.0%), Type IV (n = 30, 7.8%), Type VI (n = 3, 0.8%), Type VII (n =3, 0.8%), Type III (n = 7, 1.8%), Type V (n = 4, 1.0%), and Type VIII (n = 1, 0.3%). No statistically significant association was found between root canal morphology and gender (p = 0.915). Conclusion Vertucci's Type I was the most common root canal configuration in maxillary second premolars. The findings highlight the importance of thorough radiographic assessment using CBCT to identify anatomical variations for effective endodontic treatment planning.
背景与目的 全面了解根管形态及其解剖变异对于根管治疗（RCT）的成功至关重要。未被识别的变异可能导致清洁、塑形和充填不彻底，从而可能导致治疗失败。本研究旨在使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）评估上颌第二前磨牙（Mx2P）根管形态类型的频率和分布及其与性别的关系。
材料与方法 本回顾性横断面研究分析了18至65岁患者中384例完全发育、未经治疗的Mx2P的CBCT扫描图像。排除有修复体、先前接受过根管治疗、严重龋齿、骨折、牙根粘连或牙髓钙化的牙齿。使用Carestream Dental Imaging Software 3D Module v2.4根据Vertucci分类系统对根管形态进行分类。使用卡方检验进行基于性别的比较。
结果 纳入了219例患者（114例男性（52.1%），105例女性（47.9%））的扫描图像，平均年龄为42.35±13.79岁。最常见的根管形态为Vertucci I型（n = 240，62.5%），其次是II型（n = 96，25.0%）、IV型（n = 30，7.8%）、VI型（n = 3，0.8%）、VII型（n = 3，0.8%）、III型（n = 7，1.8%）、V型（n = 4，1.0%）和VIII型（n = 1，0.3%）。未发现根管形态与性别之间存在统计学显著关联（p = 0.915）。
结论 Vertucci I型是上颌第二前磨牙最常见的根管形态。研究结果强调了使用CBCT进行全面影像学评估以识别解剖变异对于有效的根管治疗计划的重要性。
