Fan Chenyu, Zeng Feng, Lei Yan, He Qian, Liu Kun, Xu Juan, Zhou Yanhong
Department of critical care medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
J Cancer. 2025 Jul 28;16(11):3537-3550. doi: 10.7150/jca.118273. eCollection 2025.
Histone H3K14 is a crucial site for histone H3 modifications, which are intimately connected to processes such as DNA replication, gene expression, and transcription. Modifications at H3K14 can lead to damage within the human body. Specifically, the acetylation of H3K14 influences immune system function, often linking to conditions like tumor inflammation and immune-related diseases. Lately, H3K14 has garnered significant attention across various scientific disciplines. This review outlines how H3K14 acetylation impacts DNA replication, enhances gene expression, and influences T cell development and activation. Furthermore, the combination of H3K14 acetylation with propionylation and butyration can also stimulate gene expression. In contrast, H3K14 methylation hinders DNA replication, while H3K14 ubiquitination affects both gene expression and transcriptional activity. The review also discusses the regulation of H3K14 by non-coding RNA, histone acetyltransferases, histone deacetylases, nuclear proteins, and pharmaceutical compounds. It explores the relationship between H3K14 and the diagnosis, onset, and treatment of diseases. By doing so, this review aims to offer a fresh perspective for a comprehensive understanding of H3K14's functions.
组蛋白H3K14是组蛋白H3修饰的关键位点，这些修饰与DNA复制、基因表达和转录等过程密切相关。H3K14的修饰可导致人体损伤。具体而言，H3K14的乙酰化会影响免疫系统功能，常与肿瘤炎症和免疫相关疾病等状况有关。近来，H3K14在各个科学领域都受到了广泛关注。本综述概述了H3K14乙酰化如何影响DNA复制、增强基因表达以及影响T细胞发育和激活。此外，H3K14乙酰化与丙酰化和丁酰化的结合也可刺激基因表达。相比之下，H3K14甲基化会阻碍DNA复制，而H3K14泛素化则会影响基因表达和转录活性。本综述还讨论了非编码RNA、组蛋白乙酰转移酶、组蛋白去乙酰化酶、核蛋白和药物化合物对H3K14的调控。它探讨了H3K14与疾病的诊断、发病和治疗之间的关系。通过这样做，本综述旨在为全面理解H3K14的功能提供一个全新的视角。
