Albadrani Ahmed, Zacharakis Georgios, Alqahtani Mohammed Saad, AlHarbi Abdulrahman, Alkudam Abdulaziz, Bawazir Abdullah, Albulayhid Naif, Bahader Majed Zaki, Alghayyamah Ahmed Mohammed, Alzaher Zahraa Saeed
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
Endoscopy Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Arryan Hospital, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Ar Rayyan Hospital, Riyadh 14212, Saudi Arabia.
Curr Oncol. 2025 Jul 30;32(8):428. doi: 10.3390/curroncol32080428.
Gastric cancer traditionally affects older adults, and its precursor lesions and risk factors are well-documented in this population. () infection remains highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia and contributes to gastric pathology. However, early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC), diagnosed in individuals aged ≤ 45 years, presents unique challenges and remains poorly understood in young populations. Therefore, we conducted an observational cohort study using a prospective longitudinal design (2021-2024) involving 1823 Saudi nationals aged 18-45 years who underwent zoom high-definition chromoendoscopy to evaluate the prevalence of premalignant gastric lesions (PGLs) and EOGC. We found a high prevalence (78.0%) with PGLs in 1.9% of participants and EOGC-adenocarcinoma in 0.7% of patients. All EOGC cases arose from dysplasia, with most PGLs being classified as OLGA/OLGIM stage II/III. Multiple risk factorswere significantly associated with PGLs and EOGC, including infection ( = 0.022), increasing age ( < 0.001), a family history of gastric cancer ( < 0.001), poor dietary habits ( < 0.001), obesity ( < 0.001), and smoking ( < 0.001). Additional EOGC risk factors include dage of 36-45 years ( = 0.018), EBV infection ( = 0.016), and diabetes mellitus ( = 0.001). These findings demonstrate the notable presence of PGLs and EOGC in young Saudi adults and emphasize the importance of early detection and risk factor management in this vulnerable population.
传统上，胃癌多影响老年人，其前驱病变和风险因素在这一人群中有充分记录。（）感染在沙特阿拉伯仍然非常普遍，并导致胃部病变。然而，早发性胃癌（EOGC）在45岁及以下个体中被诊断出来，带来了独特的挑战，并且在年轻人群中仍未得到充分了解。因此，我们采用前瞻性纵向设计（2021 - 2024年）进行了一项观察性队列研究，纳入了1823名年龄在18 - 45岁的沙特国民，他们接受了变焦高清色素内镜检查，以评估癌前胃部病变（PGLs）和EOGC的患病率。我们发现1.9%的参与者存在PGLs，患病率较高（78.0%），0.7%的患者患有EOGC - 腺癌。所有EOGC病例均起源于发育异常，大多数PGLs被归类为OLGA/OLGIM II/III期。多种风险因素与PGLs和EOGC显著相关，包括（）感染（P = 0.022）、年龄增长（P < 0.001）、胃癌家族史（P < 0.001）、不良饮食习惯（P < 0.001）、肥胖（P < 0.001）和吸烟（P < 0.001）。额外的EOGC风险因素包括36 - 45岁（P = 0.018）、EBV感染（P = 0.016）和糖尿病（P = 0.001）。这些发现表明沙特年轻成年人中PGLs和EOGC的显著存在，并强调了在这一脆弱人群中早期检测和风险因素管理的重要性。 （注：原文括号处信息缺失）
