Wang Xingao C, Zhao Cindy, Wu Kevin Y, Marchand Michael
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada.
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
Diseases. 2025 Aug 4;13(8):244. doi: 10.3390/diseases13080244.
Ocular complications associated with dental procedures are diverse but have been primarily reported through case reports and series, with no comprehensive reviews to date. The underlying mechanisms of these complications are often poorly understood by medical professionals, partly due to limited interdisciplinary education. This review aims to bridge this gap by summarizing the relevant anatomical connections between the oral and ocular regions, exploring the mechanisms through which dental procedures may lead to ophthalmic complications, and detailing their clinical presentations, progression, and potential management and preventive strategies. Published case reports and case series from 1950 to October 2024 that described ophthalmic complications in human patients following dental procedures were included in this scoping review. Dental procedures can give rise to a variety of ophthalmological complications, whether neuro-ophthalmic (e.g., diplopia, ptosis, or vision loss), vascular (e.g., retrobulbar hemorrhage or cervical artery dissection), infectious (e.g., orbital cellulitis or abscess), mechanical (e.g., orbital trauma or fractures), or air-related (e.g., orbital and subcutaneous emphysema). Most of the ophthalmological complications following dental procedures are often reversible, but some can be vision-threatening or lead to permanent sequelae if not promptly recognized and managed. Prevention through precise technique and anatomical awareness, early identification of symptoms, and timely multidisciplinary collaboration are crucial to minimizing risks and ensuring better patient outcomes.
与牙科手术相关的眼部并发症多种多样，但主要是通过病例报告和病例系列报道的，迄今为止尚无全面的综述。这些并发症的潜在机制往往不为医学专业人员所了解，部分原因是跨学科教育有限。本综述旨在通过总结口腔和眼部区域之间的相关解剖联系，探讨牙科手术可能导致眼科并发症的机制，并详细阐述其临床表现、进展以及潜在的管理和预防策略，来弥合这一差距。本范围综述纳入了1950年至2024年10月发表的描述牙科手术后人类患者眼科并发症的病例报告和病例系列。牙科手术可引发多种眼科并发症，无论是神经眼科方面的（如复视、上睑下垂或视力丧失）、血管方面的（如球后出血或颈动脉夹层）、感染方面的（如眼眶蜂窝织炎或脓肿）、机械方面的（如眼眶创伤或骨折），还是与空气相关的（如眼眶和皮下气肿）。大多数牙科手术后的眼科并发症通常是可逆的，但有些如果不能及时识别和处理，可能会威胁视力或导致永久性后遗症。通过精确的技术和解剖学意识进行预防、早期识别症状以及及时的多学科协作对于将风险降至最低并确保更好的患者预后至关重要。
