Liu Qinfeng, Chen Huan, Mi Ruiyu, Min Xin, Fang Minghao, Wu Xiaowen, Huang Zhaohui, Liu Yangai
Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2025 Aug 19;15(16):1279. doi: 10.3390/nano15161279.
With the intensification of the global energy crisis, green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly biomass materials have become the focus of research. Among them, biomass-derived carbon dots (B-CDs), a novel class of sustainable zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials, attract significant interest due to their environmental friendliness, low toxicity, and unique optical properties. Research findings indicate that B-CDs, utilizing biomass materials as carbon sources, demonstrate significant potential in numerous application fields through structural design and photo-functionalization. However, the underlying mechanisms and formation processes of B-CDs remain inadequately elucidated, and systematic summarization still requires further refinement. Therefore, this review systematically summarizes the synthesis methods, precursor structures, formation mechanisms, luminescent properties, and prevailing applications of B-CDs, with a particular emphasis on recent advances in their use for sensing, anti-counterfeiting, bioimaging, and optronics. In addition, the challenges encountered in performance-oriented controllable preparation and large-scale production were also clarified. This comprehensive review provides a theoretical foundation for further research and multidisciplinary applications of B-CDs, thereby contributing to promoting large-scale commercialization and industrial implementation.
随着全球能源危机的加剧，绿色、低碳、环保的生物质材料已成为研究热点。其中，生物质衍生碳点（B-CDs）作为一类新型的可持续零维碳纳米材料，因其环境友好、低毒性和独特的光学性质而备受关注。研究结果表明，以生物质材料为碳源的B-CDs通过结构设计和光功能化在众多应用领域展现出巨大潜力。然而，B-CDs的潜在机制和形成过程仍未得到充分阐明，系统总结仍需进一步完善。因此，本综述系统总结了B-CDs的合成方法、前驱体结构、形成机制、发光性质和主要应用，特别强调了其在传感、防伪、生物成像和光电子学方面的最新进展。此外，还阐明了在面向性能的可控制备和大规模生产中遇到的挑战。这一全面综述为B-CDs的进一步研究和多学科应用提供了理论基础，从而有助于推动大规模商业化和产业实施。
