Li Bin, Zhang Lin, Hao Huaixin, Yu Yishi, Guo Yuxiao, Wang Zhipeng, Xu Chao
Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
Commun Chem. 2025 Aug 27;8(1):260. doi: 10.1038/s42004-025-01668-y.
Efficient americium (Am)/lanthanide (Ln) separation is highly pursued in advanced nuclear fuel cycle for minimizing the long-term radiotoxicity of nuclear waste and maximizing the utilization of nuclear resources. However, such a task is extremely challenging given the chemical similarity between the inherent thermodynamically stable Am(III) and Ln(III) ions. In recent years, interest in Am/Ln separation through oxidizing Am(III) to higher-valent states is reigniting due to theoretically considerable separation efficiency of this approach. This review summarizes the developments in preparation and stabilization of high-valent Am, especially the progresses in the exploitation of the coordination chemistry of these high-valent Am for effective Am/Ln separation. This review aims to inspire the search for efficient redox and coordination systems with more robust Am/Ln separation performance.
在先进的核燃料循环中，高效的镅（Am）/镧系元素（Ln）分离备受关注，其目的是将核废料的长期放射性毒性降至最低，并最大限度地提高核资源的利用率。然而，鉴于固有热力学稳定的Am(III)和Ln(III)离子在化学性质上的相似性，这一任务极具挑战性。近年来，由于通过将Am(III)氧化到更高价态来实现Am/Ln分离在理论上具有可观的分离效率，人们对这种分离方法的兴趣再度燃起。本综述总结了高价态Am的制备和稳定化方面的进展，特别是在利用这些高价态Am的配位化学实现有效Am/Ln分离方面的进展。本综述旨在激发人们寻找具有更强Am/Ln分离性能的高效氧化还原和配位体系。
