Pharapirom Aroonrat, Taya Sirinya, Vachiraarunwong Arpamas, Phannasorn Warunyoo, Singai Chonikarn, Wongpoomchai Rawiwan, Ruangsuriya Jetsada
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Functional Food Research Unit, Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Cancers (Basel). 2025 Aug 15;17(16):2666. doi: 10.3390/cancers17162666.
: Rice bran proteins and their hydrolysates exhibit anticancer activity. Our previous study demonstrated that Riceberry glutelin and its hydrolysates possessed potent in vitro antioxidant and antimutagenic properties. However, their cancer chemopreventive effects in animals remain unclear. : This study investigated chemopreventive mechanisms in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)- and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced preneoplastic lesions, including glutathione -transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive foci in the liver and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the colon of rats. Rats received GTL, GTLH, and total protein hydrolysate (TPH) at 500 mg/kg body weight, five days per week for ten weeks. : GTLH significantly reduced GST-P-positive foci in the liver and ACF in the colon, while GTL decreased GST-P-positive foci only in the liver. However, TPH did not affect preneoplastic lesions in both the liver and the colon. GTLH suppressed cell proliferation by reducing proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells and promoted apoptosis, as indicated by an increase in terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in both organs. GTL also decreased PCNA-positive cells in the liver and colon. Moreover, GTLH significantly upregulated and in the liver, while only in the colon was observed. : This study highlighted the cancer chemopreventive potential of Riceberry GTLH with its underlying mechanism to reduce the number of preneoplastic lesions in the liver and colon through cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction. These findings suggested that this protein hydrolysate might be used as a functional food ingredient or dietary supplement for cancer prevention.
米糠蛋白及其水解产物具有抗癌活性。我们之前的研究表明，美丰谷蛋白及其水解产物具有强大的体外抗氧化和抗诱变特性。然而，它们在动物体内的癌症化学预防作用仍不清楚。：本研究调查了二乙基亚硝胺（DEN）和1,2 - 二甲基肼（DMH）诱导的大鼠癌前病变中的化学预防机制，包括肝脏中的谷胱甘肽 - S - 转移酶胎盘型（GST - P）阳性灶和结肠中的异常隐窝灶（ACF）。大鼠以500 mg/kg体重接受GTL、GTLH和总蛋白水解物（TPH），每周五天，共十周。：GTLH显著减少了肝脏中的GST - P阳性灶和结肠中的ACF，而GTL仅减少了肝脏中的GST - P阳性灶。然而，TPH对肝脏和结肠中的癌前病变均无影响。GTLH通过减少增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）阳性细胞来抑制细胞增殖，并促进细胞凋亡，这在两个器官中末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶dUTP缺口末端标记（TUNEL）阳性细胞的增加中得到体现。GTL也减少了肝脏和结肠中的PCNA阳性细胞。此外，GTLH显著上调了肝脏中的[具体基因1]和[具体基因2]，而在结肠中仅观察到[具体基因3]上调。：本研究突出了美丰GTLH的癌症化学预防潜力及其通过抑制细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡来减少肝脏和结肠中癌前病变数量的潜在机制。这些发现表明，这种蛋白水解物可能用作预防癌症的功能性食品成分或膳食补充剂。
