Hauzer Willy, Hauzer Paula, Klimek Tomasz, Gnus Jan, Witkiewicz Wojciech, Jędruchniewicz Natalia
Department of Vascular Surgery, Hauzer Clinic LLC LP, 55-010 Żerniki Wrocławskie, Poland.
Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Research and Development Centre, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Aug 11;26(16):7752. doi: 10.3390/ijms26167752.
Calprotectin is a calcium-binding protein involved in inflammatory processes. In the context of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), elevated levels of calprotectin may indicate immune system activation and chronic inflammation, which are among the mechanisms contributing to the development and progression of AAA. The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is a receptor that binds various ligands, including advanced glycation end-products formed during the glycation of proteins and lipids under oxidative stress conditions. Activation of RAGE is associated with inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and tissue remodeling, which may contribute to the weakening of the aortic wall and aneurysm formation. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of both biomarkers in distinguishing patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. A total of 27 patients with diagnosed AAA were included in the study. The control group consisted of 27 patients without AAA. Plasma levels of calprotectin and sRAGE were measured in both groups. Statistical analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann-Whitney U test, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) test. The likelihood of having AAA was found to be over one hundred times greater in individuals classified into the AAA group based on a decision tree model using calprotectin and sRAGE levels, compared to those classified into the no-AAA group. Calprotectin concentration was identified as a stronger predictor of AAA than sRAGE. The optimal cut-off value for plasma calprotectin was determined as ≥1136 ng/mL, yielding a sensitivity of 81.5% and a specificity of 100.0% for discriminating AAA patients from controls. It may be beneficial in future studies to explore non-invasive approaches, such as measuring calprotectin levels in stool and sRAGE in urine, as a potential screening method for AAA. Monitoring the concentrations of these biomarkers in bodily fluids, as a non-invasive method, could support screening efforts for AAA.
钙卫蛋白是一种参与炎症过程的钙结合蛋白。在腹主动脉瘤（AAA）的背景下，钙卫蛋白水平升高可能表明免疫系统激活和慢性炎症，这是导致AAA发生和发展的机制之一。晚期糖基化终产物受体（RAGE）是一种能结合多种配体的受体，包括在氧化应激条件下蛋白质和脂质糖基化过程中形成的晚期糖基化终产物。RAGE的激活与炎症过程、氧化应激和组织重塑有关，这可能导致主动脉壁变薄和动脉瘤形成。本研究的主要目的是评估这两种生物标志物在区分腹主动脉瘤患者方面的有效性。共有27例确诊为AAA的患者纳入本研究。对照组由27例无AAA的患者组成。两组均检测了血浆钙卫蛋白和可溶性RAGE（sRAGE）水平。统计分析包括Shapiro-Wilk检验、Mann-Whitney U检验和Hosmer-Lemeshow（H-L）检验。基于使用钙卫蛋白和sRAGE水平的决策树模型，与未患AAA组相比，被分类到AAA组的个体患AAA的可能性高出一百多倍。钙卫蛋白浓度被确定为比sRAGE更强的AAA预测指标。血浆钙卫蛋白的最佳截断值确定为≥1136 ng/mL，区分AAA患者与对照组的灵敏度为81.5%，特异性为100.0%。在未来的研究中，探索非侵入性方法，如测量粪便中的钙卫蛋白水平和尿液中的sRAGE，作为AAA的潜在筛查方法可能是有益的。作为一种非侵入性方法，监测这些生物标志物在体液中的浓度可以支持AAA的筛查工作。
