Gao Xiongfu, Shi Xiaoqing, Xu Weiheng, Lan Zengquan, He Juxiang, Wang Huan, Wang Leiguang, Lu Ning, Ou Guanglong
College of Big Data and Intelligent Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650233, China.
Anciant Tea Plant Research Center, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650223, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Aug 11;14(16):2485. doi: 10.3390/plants14162485.
The stand structure of ancient tea tree () communities is critical for maintaining their structural and functional stability. Therefore, this study employed backpack laser scanning (BLS) technology to extract individual tree parameters (diameter at breast height, tree height, relative coordinates, etc.) in seven sample plots (25 m × 25 m each) to analyze their spatial and non-spatial structure characteristics. Firstly, the accuracy of diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height (TH) estimations using BLS resulted in a root mean square error () of 4.247 cm and 2.736 m and a coefficient of determination () of 0.948 and 0.614, respectively. Secondly, in this community, trees exhibited an aggregated spatial distribution (average uniform angle > 0.59), with small differences in DBH among adjacent trees (average dominance > 0.48) and a high proportion of adjacent trees belonging to different species (average mingling > 0.64). Ancient tea trees in the 5-15 cm diameter class face considerable competitive pressure, with values ranging from 14.28 to 179.03. Thirdly, this community exhibits rich species composition (more than 7 families, 8 genera, and 10 species, respectively), strong regeneration capacity (with an inverse J-shaped diameter distribution), uniform species distribution (Pielou evenness index > 0.71), and high species diversity (with a Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranging from 1.65 to 2.47 and a Simpson diversity index ranging from 0.71 to 0.91), and the ancient tea trees maintain a prominent dominant status and important value ranging from 19.36% to 49%. The results indicate that, under the current conditions, the structure and function of this community collectively exhibit relatively stable characteristics. BLS provides a powerful tool for the research and conservation of rare and endangered species.
古茶树（）群落的林分结构对于维持其结构和功能稳定性至关重要。因此，本研究采用背包式激光扫描（BLS）技术，在7个样地（每个样地25米×25米）中提取单株树木参数（胸径、树高、相对坐标等），以分析其空间和非空间结构特征。首先，利用BLS估算胸径（DBH）和树高（TH）的精度，均方根误差（）分别为4.247厘米和2.736米，决定系数（）分别为0.948和0.614。其次，在该群落中，树木呈现聚集分布格局（平均均匀角>0.59），相邻树木间胸径差异较小（平均优势度>0.48），且相邻树木中不同物种的比例较高（平均混交度>0.64）。胸径在5 - 15厘米级别的古茶树面临较大竞争压力，其值在14.28至179.03之间。第三，该群落物种组成丰富（分别超过7科、8属和10种），更新能力强（直径分布呈反J形），物种分布均匀（皮洛均匀度指数>0.71），物种多样性高（香农 - 威纳多样性指数在1.65至2.47之间，辛普森多样性指数在0.71至0.91之间），古茶树保持显著的优势地位，重要值在19.36%至49%之间。结果表明，在当前条件下，该群落的结构和功能总体呈现相对稳定的特征。BLS为珍稀濒危物种的研究和保护提供了有力工具。
