Hochman Orie, Goonewardene Kalhari, Chung Chungwon J, Ambagala Aruna
National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada.
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
Pathogens. 2025 Aug 3;14(8):767. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14080767.
Despite intensive eradication efforts, classical swine fever (CSF) remains endemic across South America, Europe, Asia, and the Caribbean, highlighting the need for more effective surveillance and detection methods. Reverse-transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) is the fastest, and most sensitive assay for detecting CSF virus (CSFV) genomic material. Previously, we demonstrated that spleen swabs outperformed spleen homogenates for the detection of ASFV genomic material by RRT-PCR. In this study, we compared CSFV genome detection in paired spleen homogenates and spleen swabs generated using 49 frozen and 33 fresh spleen samples collected from experimentally inoculated pigs with acute infection. The results show that the CSFV genome detection in spleen swabs is comparable to that in spleen homogenates. The study also demonstrated that the CSFV genomic material can be detected in spleen swabs during early CSFV infections, and the viruses can be successfully isolated from the swabs. The use of spleen swabs instead of spleen tissue homogenates for CSF detection will reduce labor, decrease costs associated with reporting, and increase the diagnostic throughput.
尽管进行了密集的根除努力，但经典猪瘟（CSF）在南美洲、欧洲、亚洲和加勒比地区仍然流行，这凸显了对更有效监测和检测方法的需求。逆转录实时聚合酶链反应（RRT-PCR）是检测猪瘟病毒（CSFV）基因组材料最快、最灵敏的检测方法。此前，我们证明，通过RRT-PCR检测非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）基因组材料时，脾脏拭子的表现优于脾脏匀浆。在本研究中，我们比较了使用从急性感染的实验接种猪采集的49份冷冻脾脏样本和33份新鲜脾脏样本生成的配对脾脏匀浆和脾脏拭子中的CSFV基因组检测情况。结果表明，脾脏拭子中的CSFV基因组检测与脾脏匀浆中的相当。该研究还表明，在CSFV早期感染期间，可在脾脏拭子中检测到CSFV基因组材料，并且可从拭子中成功分离出病毒。使用脾脏拭子而非脾脏组织匀浆进行CSF检测将减少工作量，降低报告相关成本，并提高诊断通量。
