Validation of the Child Development Card (KKA) as a growth and development tool for stunted and normal children in West Java, Indonesia.

BACKGROUND

Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, and the limitations of anthropometric measures highlight the need for alternative tools such as the Child Development Card (KKA).

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the KKA as a tool to measure the growth and development of stunted and normal children through direct observation.

METHODS

The revised KKA was administered to 262 children aged 13-60 months, including 174 normal and 88 stunted children, from three stunting-locus regencies in West Java Province, Indonesia. The data were analysed using content validity, the Guttman coefficient of reproducibility, and Cronbach alpha to develop a revised KKA observation guideline.

RESULTS

A total of 15 conceptually inappropriate items were revised, and an observation guideline was developed as a guide for the direct observation of children. In each aspect of growth and development, age range, and sample category, the reproducibility and scalability coefficients showed values of >0.9 and >0.6, respectively. Meanwhile, Cronbach alpha values for each age range and sample category were >0.7.

CONCLUSION

The revised KKA demonstrated both validity and reliability as a tool for the detection, monitoring, and early intervention of growth and developmental delays in children with stunted as well as those with normal development.