Yang Xiujuan, Li Yuqi, Guo Jingjing, Wang Jiajia, Li Shuo, Yang Zhijun, Niu Pengxian, Jiang Yiwei, Song Min, Hai Yunxiang
Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.
Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 Aug 12;16:1530194. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1530194. eCollection 2025.
Osteoporosis, the most prevalent bone disease worldwide, is characterized by reduced bone mineral density and microarchitectural deterioration. Current pharmacological agents for osteoporosis management include bisphosphonates, calcitonin, estrogen, denosumab, and romosozumab. However, emerging evidence suggests these therapies may increase risks of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, osteonecrosis, and cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, safer therapeutic alternatives are required. Traditional botanical drugs, recognized for their favorable safety profiles compared to synthetic drugs, demonstrate increasing potential in osteoporosis treatment. This review examines classical pathogenic mechanisms of osteoporosis-including estrogen deficiency, oxidative stress, and dysregulated bone metabolism-and summarizes traditional botanical drugs: polysaccharides (APS), glycyrrhizin, polysaccharides (CDP), polysaccharides (EUP), and derivatives. These findings provide critical insights into osteoporosis pathomechanisms and identify promising therapeutic candidates for clinical translation.
骨质疏松症是全球最普遍的骨病，其特征是骨矿物质密度降低和微结构恶化。目前用于治疗骨质疏松症的药物包括双膦酸盐、降钙素、雌激素、地诺单抗和罗莫单抗。然而，新出现的证据表明，这些疗法可能会增加患乳腺癌、卵巢癌、骨坏死和心血管疾病的风险。因此，需要更安全的治疗选择。传统植物药与合成药物相比具有良好的安全性，在骨质疏松症治疗中显示出越来越大的潜力。本文综述了骨质疏松症的经典发病机制，包括雌激素缺乏、氧化应激和骨代谢失调，并总结了传统植物药：多糖（APS）、甘草酸、多糖（CDP）、多糖（EUP）及其衍生物。这些发现为骨质疏松症的发病机制提供了重要见解，并确定了有前景的临床转化治疗候选药物。
