Tesler Alexander B, Goldmann Wolfgang H
Department of Biophysics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Cell Biol Int. 2025 Jul 31. doi: 10.1002/cbin.70065.
Traditional treatment of biofouling with toxic paints or antibiotics has significant limitations and challenges, including negative impacts on surrounding ecosystems and the emergence of resistant microbial strains. Antibiotics often prove ineffective in penetrating the dense and protective structure of biofilms, rendering traditional antimicrobial approaches less effective and leading to chronic infections. Toxic paints, while initially effective in reducing microbial colonization, contribute to long-term environmental contamination and harm non-target organisms. In contrast, novel technologies such as aerophilic surfaces, a special type of superhydrophobic surface, and liquid-infused slippery surfaces offer promising alternatives to conventional biofilm management technologies. While aerophilic surfaces create a physical barrier that inhibits biofilm formation by reducing the direct contact of aqueous media with solid surfaces, liquid-infused slippery surfaces enhance the anti-biofouling effect by maintaining a protective lubricating layer that prevents organisms from settling. These nontoxic technologies not only provide a more sustainable and effective means of combating biofilms but also minimize the environmental impact associated with conventional treatments. By leveraging the unique properties of advanced materials, we can increase the durability and effectiveness of surfaces, leading to improved outcomes in various fields, including medical devices and marine applications.
使用有毒涂料或抗生素对生物污垢进行传统处理存在重大局限性和挑战，包括对周围生态系统的负面影响以及耐药微生物菌株的出现。抗生素往往难以穿透生物膜致密且具有保护作用的结构，导致传统抗菌方法效果不佳，并引发慢性感染。有毒涂料虽然最初能有效减少微生物定植，但会造成长期环境污染并伤害非目标生物。相比之下，诸如亲气表面（一种特殊类型的超疏水表面）和注液滑面等新技术为传统生物膜管理技术提供了有前景的替代方案。亲气表面通过减少水性介质与固体表面的直接接触来形成抑制生物膜形成的物理屏障，而注液滑面则通过维持防止生物附着的保护性润滑层来增强抗生物污垢效果。这些无毒技术不仅提供了一种更可持续、更有效的对抗生物膜的手段，还能将与传统处理相关的环境影响降至最低。通过利用先进材料的独特性能，我们可以提高表面的耐久性和有效性，从而在包括医疗设备和海洋应用在内的各个领域取得更好的成果。
