Dey Arnab K, Rao Namratha, Thomas Edwin Elizabeth, Ma Yiqun, Riley Grace, Benmarhnia Tarik, Raj Anita
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla.
Newcomb Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
JAMA Netw Open. 2025 Aug 1;8(8):e2530530. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.30530.
Although research has documented links between climate factors and violence, evidence specific to domestic violence (DV) remains limited, particularly in climate-vulnerable urban areas.
To analyze the association between extreme heat events and DV-related calls to law enforcement in New Orleans, Louisiana, between 2011 and 2021.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used a spatially weighted time-stratified case-crossover design analyzing DV-related call data between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2021, from the New Orleans Police Department. Statistical analysis was conducted from March to May 2024.
Daily mean Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) data were used to define 6 extreme heat definitions based on thresholds (30 °C and 90th percentile) and durations (1, 3, or 5 consecutive days). Additional thresholds were considered in sensitivity analyses.
The primary outcome was DV-related calls made. Calls were aggregated to zip code days, and conditional logistic regression weighted by cases per zip code day was used to evaluate the association between extreme heat and DV calls. Attributable fractions and attributable numbers of DV calls due to extreme heat exposure were calculated.
Of the 150 523 DV-related calls during the study period, 69.6% were classified as domestic disturbances, and 22.4% were classified as simple battery. Consistent positive associations were found between extreme heat and DV-related calls; for example, the likelihood of a DV-related call increased by 4% (odds ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.07) when the mean UTCI was above 30 °C. Stronger associations were seen during prolonged exposure to extreme heat; when the mean UTCI exceeded the 90th percentile for 5 consecutive days, the likelihood of a DV-related call increased by 7% (odds ratio, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.12). Eliminating such heat wave events would most likely prevent approximately 245.0 DV-related calls (95% CI, 105.1-370.9) during the study period.
In this cross-sectional study of the association between extreme heat and DV-related calls in New Orleans, DV-related calls were associated with extreme heat events, with the strongest associations observed during prolonged heat waves. These findings highlight the need to integrate climate adaptation with violence prevention strategies during such extreme heat events.
尽管研究已记录了气候因素与暴力之间的联系，但针对家庭暴力（DV）的具体证据仍然有限，尤其是在气候脆弱的城市地区。
分析2011年至2021年期间路易斯安那州新奥尔良市极端高温事件与向执法部门拨打的与家庭暴力相关电话之间的关联。
设计、设置和参与者：这项横断面研究采用空间加权时间分层病例交叉设计，分析了新奥尔良警察局2011年1月1日至2021年12月31日期间与家庭暴力相关的报警数据。统计分析于2024年3月至5月进行。
每日平均通用热气候指数（UTCI）数据用于根据阈值（30°C和第90百分位数）和持续时间（1、3或5个连续日）定义6种极端高温定义。在敏感性分析中考虑了其他阈值。
主要结局是拨打的与家庭暴力相关的电话。电话按邮政编码日汇总，采用按每个邮政编码日的病例数加权的条件逻辑回归来评估极端高温与家庭暴力报警之间的关联。计算了因极端高温暴露导致的家庭暴力报警的归因分数和归因数量。
在研究期间的150523个与家庭暴力相关的电话中，69.6%被归类为家庭纠纷，22.4%被归类为简单殴打。在极端高温与与家庭暴力相关的电话之间发现了一致的正相关；例如，当平均UTCI高于30°C时，与家庭暴力相关电话的可能性增加了4%（优势比，1.04；95%置信区间，1.02 - 1.07）。在长时间暴露于极端高温期间观察到更强的关联；当平均UTCI连续5天超过第90百分位数时，与家庭暴力相关电话的可能性增加了7%（优势比，1.07；95%置信区间，1.03 - 1.12）。消除此类热浪事件很可能在研究期间预防约245.0个与家庭暴力相关的电话（95%置信区间，105.1 - 370.9）。
在这项关于新奥尔良市极端高温与与家庭暴力相关电话之间关联的横断面研究中，与家庭暴力相关的电话与极端高温事件相关，在长时间热浪期间观察到最强的关联。这些发现凸显了在这种极端高温事件期间将气候适应与暴力预防策略相结合的必要性。
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