具核梭杆菌粘附素Fap2与癌症及免疫细胞上受体相互作用的结构基础

Structural basis of Fusobacterium nucleatum adhesin Fap2 interaction with receptors on cancer and immune cells.

作者信息

Schöpf Felix, Marongiu Gian L, Milaj Klaudia, Sprink Thiemo, Kikhney Judith, Moter Annette, Roderer Daniel

机构信息

Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany.

Division Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

出版信息

Nat Commun. 2025 Aug 29;16(1):8104. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-63451-w.

Abstract

Fusobacterium nucleatum is overrepresented in the colon microbiome of colorectal cancer patients and has been associated with tumor growth enhancement and metastasis. A pivotal pathogenic factor, the autotransporter adhesin Fap2, facilitates association to cancer and immune cells via the receptors Gal-GalNAc and TIGIT, respectively, leading to deactivation of immune cells. Mechanistic details of the Fap2/TIGIT interaction remain elusive as no structural data are available. Here, we report a system to recombinantly express functional Fap2 on the Escherichia coli surface, which interacts with Gal-GalNAc on cancer cells and with purified TIGIT with submicromolar affinity. Cryo-EM structures of Fap2, alone and in complex with TIGIT, show that the elongated ~50 nm long Fap2 extracellular region binds to TIGIT on its membrane-distal tip via an extension of a β-helix domain. Moreover, by combining structure predictions, cryo-EM, docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we identified a binding pit for Gal-GalNAc on the tip of Fap2.

摘要

具核梭杆菌在结直肠癌患者的结肠微生物群中占比过高,并且与肿瘤生长加速和转移有关。一个关键的致病因素——自转运粘附素Fap2,分别通过受体Gal-GalNAc和TIGIT促进与癌细胞和免疫细胞的结合,导致免疫细胞失活。由于没有可用的结构数据,Fap2/TIGIT相互作用的机制细节仍然不清楚。在这里,我们报告了一种在大肠杆菌表面重组表达功能性Fap2的系统,该系统与癌细胞上的Gal-GalNAc以及与纯化的TIGIT以亚微摩尔亲和力相互作用。单独的Fap2以及与TIGIT复合物的冷冻电镜结构表明,约50nm长的细长Fap2细胞外区域通过β-螺旋结构域的延伸在其膜远端尖端与TIGIT结合。此外,通过结合结构预测、冷冻电镜、对接和分子动力学模拟,我们在Fap2的尖端确定了一个Gal-GalNAc的结合位点。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e1e6/12397386/81ac1e5bf39d/41467_2025_63451_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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