注意缺陷多动障碍合并超重或肥胖儿童的饮食行为、睡眠习惯问题及其与症状的相关性。
Eating behavior and sleep habit problems and their correlation with symptoms in children with ADHD comorbid with overweight or obesity.
作者信息
Wang Xifei, Yue Xiaojing, Wang Lili, Jia Feiyong, Li Honghua
机构信息
Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Medical center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China.
The Child Health Clinical Research Center of Jilin Province, Changchun, China.
出版信息
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2025 Aug 31;19(1):99. doi: 10.1186/s13034-025-00954-w.
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have reported eating and sleep issues in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but few have focused on those comorbid with overweight/obesity. This study aimed to investigate eating behavior and sleep habit problems in children with ADHD and comorbid overweight/obesity, and their relationship with ADHD core symptoms in such children.
METHODS
The study included 124 children with ADHD and overweight/obesity and 145 children with ADHD and normal weight. The Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire, Children's Sleep Habit Questionnaire, and Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale were used to assess eating behavior problems, sleep habit problems, and core ADHD symptoms, respectively.
RESULTS
Compared to the normal-weight children with ADHD, those with overweight/obesity scored higher in food responsiveness, enjoyment of food, night waking, sleep-disordered breathing, and daytime sleepiness, while lower in satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating, and emotional undereating. Lower scores of satiety responsiveness and slowness in eating were associated with the presence of overweight or obesity among children with ADHD. In the ADHD overweight/obesity group, shorter sleep duration was correlated with higher body mass index (BMI), and higher food responsiveness was associated with more severe attention deficit symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
Children with ADHD and overweight/obesity reported more eating and sleep problems than those with normal weight. Lower satiety response and faster eating rate may be potential risk factors for overweight/obesity in children with ADHD. Among those with comorbid overweight/obesity, shorter sleep duration associates with higher BMI, and greater food responsiveness relates to more severe attention deficit symptoms. These findings suggest eating and sleep behaviors should be considered in ADHD management, with further research needed on targeted interventions.
背景
以往研究报道了注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童存在饮食和睡眠问题，但很少有研究关注那些合并超重/肥胖的ADHD儿童。本研究旨在调查合并超重/肥胖的ADHD儿童的饮食行为和睡眠习惯问题，以及它们与这类儿童ADHD核心症状的关系。
方法
本研究纳入了124名合并超重/肥胖的ADHD儿童和145名体重正常的ADHD儿童。分别使用儿童饮食行为问卷、儿童睡眠习惯问卷和范德比尔特ADHD诊断家长评定量表来评估饮食行为问题、睡眠习惯问题和ADHD核心症状。
结果
与体重正常的ADHD儿童相比，合并超重/肥胖的儿童在食物反应性、对食物的喜爱、夜间醒来、睡眠呼吸障碍和日间嗜睡方面得分更高，而在饱腹感反应性、进食速度慢和情绪性进食不足方面得分更低。饱腹感反应性得分低和进食速度慢与ADHD儿童超重或肥胖的存在有关。在ADHD合并超重/肥胖组中，较短的睡眠时间与较高的体重指数（BMI）相关，较高的食物反应性与更严重的注意力缺陷症状相关。
结论
合并超重/肥胖的ADHD儿童比体重正常的儿童报告了更多的饮食和睡眠问题。较低的饱腹感反应和较快的进食速度可能是ADHD儿童超重/肥胖的潜在危险因素。在合并超重/肥胖的儿童中，较短的睡眠时间与较高的BMI相关，较高的食物反应性与更严重的注意力缺陷症状相关。这些发现表明，在ADHD的管理中应考虑饮食和睡眠行为，需要对有针对性的干预措施进行进一步研究。
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