Changes in the Expression of the tgfb1 Gene and the Level of TGF-β1 in the Liver during Exercise of Varying Intensity.

Male Wistar rats were subjected to physical exercise of mild (group 1), moderate (group 2), and high (group 3) intensity. Ten swimming sessions were conducted, after which the animals were sacrificed (immediately and 30 days after the last session). Liver samples were studied by histological methods; the expression of the tgfb1 gene and the level of TGF-β1 in the liver were evaluated. Moderate degenerative processes were observed in the liver of rats with mild to moderate physical activity, and no significant changes were detected in the expression of tgfb1 gene and TGF-β1 content in the liver. In case of hard physical exercise, degenerative changes, necrosis, and cell infiltration were observed in the liver, and the level of TGF-β1 decreased. In 30 days after the last swimming session, an increase in both the level of TGF-β1 in the cytoplasmic fraction of the liver and the expression of the tgfb1 gene was observed.